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Moving Object Detection (MOD) is a crucial task for the Autonomous Driving pipeline. MOD is usually handled via 2-stream convolutional architectures that incorporates both appearance and motion cues, without considering the inter-relations…

Atom probe tomography requires needle-shaped specimens with a diameter typically below 100 nm, making them both very fragile and reactive, and defects (notches at grain boundaries or precipitates) are known to affect the yield and data…

Target detection in hyperspectral imagery is the process of locating pixels from an image which are likely to contain target, typically done by comparing one or more spectra for the desired target material to each pixel in the image. Target…

Mid-infrared spectroscopy is often used to identify material. Thousands of spectral points are measured in a time-consuming process using expensive table-top instrument. However, material identification is a sparse problem, which in theory…

The rapid growth of the Internet of Things (IoT) devices is paralleled by them being on the front-line of malicious attacks. This has led to an explosion in the number of IoT malware, with continued mutations, evolution, and sophistication.…

Object detectors achieve strong performance under nominal imaging conditions but can fail silently when exposed to blur, noise, compression, adverse weather, or resolution changes. In safety-critical settings, it is therefore insufficient…

Successful scientific applications of large-scale molecular dynamics often rely on automated methods for identifying the local crystalline structure of condensed phases. Many existing methods for structural identification, such as Common…

Exterior contour and interior structure are both vital features for classifying objects. However, most of the existing methods consider exterior contour feature and internal structure feature separately, and thus fail to function when…

Muon scattering tomography (MST) is a non-destructive technique to image various materials by utilizing cosmic ray muons as probes. A typical MST system with a two-fold track detectors is particularly effective in detecting high-$Z$…

We investigate the inelastic signatures of dark matter-nucleus interactions, explicitly focusing on the ramifications of polarization, dark matter splitting, and the Migdal effect. Direct detection experiments, crucial for testing the…

Raman spectroscopy is an important characterization tool with diverse applications in many areas of research. We propose a machine learning method for predicting polarizabilities with the goal of providing Raman spectra from molecular…

When waves propagate through a complex medium, they undergo several scattering events. This phenomenon is detrimental to imaging, as it causes full blurring of the image. Here we describe a method for detecting, localizing and…

Distributed energy resources are better for the environment but may cause transformer overload in distribution grids, calling for recovering meter-transformer mapping to provide situational awareness, i.e., the transformer loading. The…

Symmetry-protected topological (SPT) phases exhibit nontrivial order if symmetry is respected but are adiabatically connected to the trivial product phase if symmetry is not respected. However, unlike the symmetry-breaking phase, there is…

The best possible precision is one of the key figures in metrology, but this is established by the exact response of the detection apparatus, which is often unknown. There exist techniques for detector characterisation, that have been…

Magnetic resonance (MR) tagging is an imaging technique for noninvasively tracking tissue motion in vivo by creating a visible pattern of magnetization saturation (tags) that deforms with the tissue. Due to longitudinal relaxation and…

We propose the use of trapped ions for detection of millicharged dark matter. Millicharged particles will scatter off the ions, giving a signal either in individual events or in the overall heating rate of the ions. Ion traps have several…

This paper introduces Modular Linear Tokenization (MLT), a reversible and deterministic technique for encoding high-cardinality categorical identifiers into compact numerical vectors. Unlike traditional hashing or one-hot encodings, MLT…

The aim of this paper is provide new insights into the properties of the rank 2 polarizability tensor $\check{\check{\mathcal M}}$ proposed in (P.D. Ledger and W.R.B. Lionheart Characterising the shape and material properties of hidden…

Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) are among the most challenging cyberattacks to detect. They are carried out by highly skilled attackers who carefully study their targets and operate in a stealthy, long-term manner. Because APTs exhibit…