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Reinforcement learning (RL) is a framework for solving sequential decision-making problems. In this work, we demonstrate that, surprisingly, RL emerges during the inference time of large language models (LLMs), a phenomenon we term…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-28 Kefan Song , Amir Moeini , Peng Wang , Lei Gong , Rohan Chandra , Shangtong Zhang , Yanjun Qi

Grounding language in vision is an active field of research seeking to construct cognitively plausible word and sentence representations by incorporating perceptual knowledge from vision into text-based representations. Despite many…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-11-01 Hassan Shahmohammadi , Maria Heitmeier , Elnaz Shafaei-Bajestan , Hendrik P. A. Lensch , Harald Baayen

Long-term memory (LTM) is essential for large language models (LLMs) to achieve autonomous intelligence in complex, evolving environments. Despite increasing efforts in memory-augmented and retrieval-based architectures, there remains a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-17 Luanbo Wan , Weizhi Ma

A robot's ability to understand or ground natural language instructions is fundamentally tied to its knowledge about the surrounding world. We present an approach to grounding natural language utterances in the context of factual…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2018-11-19 Rohan Paul , Andrei Barbu , Sue Felshin , Boris Katz , Nicholas Roy

The powerful reasoning and generative capabilities of large language models (LLMs) have inspired researchers to apply them to reasoning-based recommendation tasks, which require in-depth reasoning about user interests and the generation of…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-11-25 Shihao Cai , Chongming Gao , Haoyan Liu , Wentao Shi , Jianshan Sun , Ruiming Tang , Fuli Feng

Deep reinforcement learning is revolutionizing the artificial intelligence field. Currently, it serves as a good starting point for constructing intelligent autonomous systems which offer a better knowledge of the visual world. It is…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2017-09-18 Mahipal Jadeja , Neelanshi Varia , Agam Shah

In the search for artificial general intelligence, model development and training has focused primarily on vast datasets of known problems and their accepted solutions. This process necessarily produces convergent systems which are…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-31 Christopher J. Agostino

We present a framework where neural models develop an AI Mother Tongue, a native symbolic language that simultaneously supports intuitive reasoning, compositional symbol chains, and inherent interpretability. Unlike post-hoc explanation…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-27 Hung Ming Liu

The adoption of generative AI and large language models (LLMs) in education is still emerging. In this study, we explore the development and evaluation of AI teaching assistants that provide curriculum-based guidance using a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-06 Konstantinos Katharakis , Sippo Rossi , Raghava Rao Mukkamala

With the information explosion on the Web, search and recommendation are foundational infrastructures to satisfying users' information needs. As the two sides of the same coin, both revolve around the same core research problem, matching…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2024-04-29 Yongqi Li , Xinyu Lin , Wenjie Wang , Fuli Feng , Liang Pang , Wenjie Li , Liqiang Nie , Xiangnan He , Tat-Seng Chua

Language carries thought and coordination among humans but rarely reaches further along the spectrum of diverse intelligence. Yet non-neural systems -- from gene regulatory networks and microbial consortia to fungi -- are increasingly…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Yanbo Zhang , Michael Levin

With the prosperity of e-commerce and web applications, Recommender Systems (RecSys) have become an important component of our daily life, providing personalized suggestions that cater to user preferences. While Deep Neural Networks (DNNs)…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-01-22 Zihuai Zhao , Wenqi Fan , Jiatong Li , Yunqing Liu , Xiaowei Mei , Yiqi Wang , Zhen Wen , Fei Wang , Xiangyu Zhao , Jiliang Tang , Qing Li

With a focus on natural language processing (NLP) and the role of large language models (LLMs), we explore the intersection of machine learning, deep learning, and artificial intelligence. As artificial intelligence continues to…

In reinforcement learning, specification gaming occurs when AI systems learn undesired behaviors that are highly rewarded due to misspecified training goals. Specification gaming can range from simple behaviors like sycophancy to…

Increase in data, size, or compute can lead to sudden learning of specific capabilities by a neural network -- a phenomenon often called "emergence''. Beyond scientific understanding, establishing the causal factors underlying such emergent…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-09-10 Ekdeep Singh Lubana , Kyogo Kawaguchi , Robert P. Dick , Hidenori Tanaka

Recent advances in large-scale pre-training such as GPT-3 allow seemingly high quality text to be generated from a given prompt. However, such generation systems often suffer from problems of hallucinated facts, and are not inherently…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-02-25 Yizhe Zhang , Siqi Sun , Xiang Gao , Yuwei Fang , Chris Brockett , Michel Galley , Jianfeng Gao , Bill Dolan

In recent times, the research field of language dynamics has focused on the investigation of language evolution, dividing the work in three evolutive steps, according to the level of complexity: lexicon, categories and grammar. The Naming…

物理与社会 · 物理学 2013-07-08 L. Pucci , P. Gravino , V. D. P. Servedio

Recent advances in visual-language machine learning models have demonstrated exceptional ability to use natural language and understand visual scenes by training on large, unstructured datasets. However, this training paradigm cannot…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-01 Anthony C Davis , Burhan Sadiq , Tianmin Shu , Chien-Ming Huang

The evolution of large language models (LLMs) toward artificial superhuman intelligence (ASI) hinges on data reproduction, a cyclical process in which models generate, curate and retrain on novel data to refine capabilities. Current…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-02-03 Ying Wen , Ziyu Wan , Shao Zhang

Structured reasoning over natural language inputs remains a core challenge in artificial intelligence, as it requires bridging the gap between unstructured linguistic expressions and formal logical representations. In this paper, we propose…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-07-14 Keying Yang , Hao Wang , Kai Yang
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