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Collisionless shocks are common features in space and astrophysical systems where supersonic plasma flows interact, such as in the solar wind, the heliopause, and supernova remnants. Recent experimental capabilities and diagnostics allow…

等离子体物理 · 物理学 2021-03-03 K. V. Lezhnin , W. Fox , D. B. Schaeffer , A. Spitkovsky , J. Matteucci , A. Bhattacharjee , K. Germaschewski

A full particle simulation study is carried out on a perpendicular collisionless shock with a relatively low Alfven Mach number (M_A=5). In the present study, we have performed a two-dimensional (2D) electromagnetic full particle simulation…

等离子体物理 · 物理学 2011-04-04 Takayuki Umeda , Masahiro Yamao , Ryo Yamazaki

Ab-initio numerical study of collisionless shocks in electron-ion unmagnetized plasmas is performed with fully relativistic particle in cell simulations. The main properties of the shock are shown, focusing on the implications for particle…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2011-02-11 S. F. Martins , R. A. Fonseca , L. O. Silva , W. B. Mori

Non-relativistic collisionless shock waves are widespread in space and astrophysical plasmas and are known as efficient particle accelerators. However, our understanding of collisionless shocks, including their structure and the mechanisms…

等离子体物理 · 物理学 2015-07-23 T. Liseykina , G. Dudnikova , V. Vshivkov , M. Malkov

Understanding the conditions that enable particle acceleration at non-relativistic collisionless shocks is essential to unveil the origin of cosmic rays. We employ 2D and 3D hybrid simulations (with kinetic ions and fluid electrons) to…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2026-04-21 Luca Orusa , Damiano Caprioli , Lorenzo Sironi , Anatoly Spitkovsky

Collisionless electron-ion shocks are fundamental to astrophysical plasmas, yet their behavior in strong magnetic fields remains poorly understood. Using Particle-in-Cell (PIC) simulations with the SHARP-1D3V code, we investigate the role…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2025-11-17 Mohamad Shalaby , Antoine Bret , Federico Fraschetti

Perpendicular relativistic ($\gamma_0=10$) shocks in magnetized pair plasmas are investigated using two dimensional Particle-in-Cell simulations. A systematic survey, from unmagnetized to strongly magnetized shocks, is presented accurately…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2018-04-25 Illya Plotnikov , Anna Grassi , Mickael Grech

We present the results of large hybrid (kinetic ions - fluid electrons) simulations of particle acceleration at non-relativistic collisionless shocks. Ion acceleration efficiency and magnetic field amplification are investigated in detail…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2015-06-23 Damiano Caprioli

It is shown that collisionless shock waves can be driven in unmagnetized electron-positron plasmas by performing a two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulation. At the shock transition region, strong magnetic fields are generated by a…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2008-03-31 Tsunehiko N. Kato

Results are presented of a first study of collisionless magnetic reconnection starting from a recently found exact nonlinear force-free Vlasov-Maxwell equilibrium. The initial state has a Harris sheet magnetic field profile in one direction…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2016-03-23 Fiona Wilson , Thomas Neukirch , Michael Hesse , Michael G. Harrison , Craig R. Stark

The outflows from gamma ray bursts, active galactic nuclei and relativistic jets in general interact with the surrounding media through collisionless shocks. With three dimensional relativistic particle-in-cell simulations we investigate…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2010-11-11 C. B. Hededal , T. Haugboelle , J. T. Frederiksen , Å. Nordlund

Ion acceleration due to the interaction between a short high-intensity laser pulse and a moderately overdense plasma target is studied using Eulerian Vlasov-Maxwell simulations. The effects of variations in the plasma density profile and…

等离子体物理 · 物理学 2016-05-25 B. Svedung Wettervik , T. C. DuBois , T. Fülöp

Particle acceleration in collisionless plasma systems is a central question in astroplasma and astroparticle physics. The structure of the acceleration regions, electron-ion energy equilibration, preacceleration of particles at shocks to…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2020-02-19 Martin Pohl , Masahiro Hoshino , Jacek Niemiec

Collisionless plasma shocks are efficient sources of non-thermal particle acceleration in space and astrophysical systems. We use hybrid (kinetic ions -- fluid electrons) simulations to examine the non-linear feedback of the self-generated…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2020-12-16 Colby C. Haggerty , Damiano Caprioli

After introduction we focus on: the transport of charged particles, the acceleration of ions at shocks, and the acceleration of electrons at shocks. Chapter 2 studies the propagation of solar energetic particles(SEPs) in turbulent magnetic…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2012-11-16 Fan Guo

We investigate the spatial distribution of charged particles accelerated by non-relativistic oblique fast collisionless shocks using three-dimensional test-particle simulations. We find that the density of low-energy particles exhibit a…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2015-06-23 Federico Fraschetti , Joe Giacalone

A multispecies, collisionless plasma is modeled by the Vlasov-Poisson system. Assuming that the electric field decays with sufficient rapidity as $t \to\infty$, we show that the velocity characteristics and spatial averages of the particle…

偏微分方程分析 · 数学 2022-01-25 Stephen Pankavich

Energy dissipation in collisionless shocks is a key mechanism in various astrophysical environments. Its non-linear nature complicates analytical understanding and necessitate Particle-in-Cell (PIC) simulations. This study examines the…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2024-12-20 Mohamad Shalaby

In this work, we investigate collisionless shocks propagating in a relativistically hot unmagnetized electron-positron plasmas. We estimate the dissipation fraction at shocks in the relativistically hot plasma, showing that it is…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2024-10-21 Kamiido Kazuki , Ohira Yutaka

Strong non-relativistic shocks are known to accelerate particles up to relativistic energies. However, for Diffusive Shock Acceleration electrons must have a highly suprathermal energy, implying a need for very efficient pre-acceleration.…

等离子体物理 · 物理学 2023-10-24 Karol Fulat , Artem Bohdan , Gabriel Torralba Paz , Martin Pohl