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The adaptation of large-scale Vision-Language Models (VLMs) through post-training reveals a pronounced generalization gap: models fine-tuned with Reinforcement Learning (RL) consistently achieve superior out-of-distribution (OOD)…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-02-12 Aojun Lu , Tao Feng , Hangjie Yuan , Wei Li , Yanan Sun

The safe application of reinforcement learning (RL) requires generalization from limited training data to unseen scenarios. Yet, fulfilling tasks under changing circumstances is a key challenge in RL. Current state-of-the-art approaches for…

A prevailing narrative in LLM post-training holds that supervised finetuning (SFT) memorizes while reinforcement learning (RL) generalizes. We revisit this claim for reasoning SFT with long chain-of-thought (CoT) supervision and find that…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-09 Qihan Ren , Peng Wang , Ruikun Cai , Shuai Shao , Dadi Guo , Yuejin Xie , Yafu Li , Quanshi Zhang , Xia Hu , Jing Shao , Dongrui Liu

Despite the rapid growth in datasets for video activity, stable robust activity recognition with neural networks remains challenging. This is in large part due to the explosion of possible variation in video -- including lighting changes,…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2019-12-04 Yi Zhang , Xinyue Wei , Weichao Qiu , Zihao Xiao , Gregory D. Hager , Alan Yuille

Automatically solving math word problems is a critical task in the field of natural language processing. Recent models have reached their performance bottleneck and require more high-quality data for training. We propose a novel data…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-11-11 Qianying Liu , Wenyu Guan , Sujian Li , Fei Cheng , Daisuke Kawahara , Sadao Kurohashi

Soft augmentation regularizes the supervised learning process of image classifiers by reducing label confidence of a training sample based on the magnitude of random-crop augmentation applied to it. This paper extends this adaptive label…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-07-23 Georg Siedel , Ekagra Gupta , Weijia Shao , Silvia Vock , Andrey Morozov

In practice, data augmentation is assigned a predefined budget in terms of newly created samples per epoch. When using several types of data augmentation, the budget is usually uniformly distributed over the set of augmentations but one can…

机器学习 · 统计学 2022-02-08 Arnaud Deleruyelle , John Klein , Cristian Versari

Simulation offers a scalable and low-cost way to enrich vision-language-action (VLA) training, reducing reliance on expensive real-robot demonstrations. However, most sim-real co-training methods rely on supervised fine-tuning (SFT), which…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2026-03-09 Liangzhi Shi , Shuaihang Chen , Feng Gao , Yinuo Chen , Kang Chen , Tonghe Zhang , Hongzhi Zang , Weinan Zhang , Chao Yu , Yu Wang

Regularization is a fundamental technique to prevent over-fitting and to improve generalization performances by constraining a model's complexity. Current Deep Networks heavily rely on regularizers such as Data-Augmentation (DA) or…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-04-12 Randall Balestriero , Leon Bottou , Yann LeCun

Despite the significant progress of deep reinforcement learning (RL) in solving sequential decision making problems, RL agents often overfit to training environments and struggle to adapt to new, unseen environments. This prevents robust…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-08-04 Xingyu Lu , Kimin Lee , Pieter Abbeel , Stas Tiomkin

Reinforcement learning (RL) for large language model reasoning is frequently hindered by signal loss, a phenomenon where standard uniform sampling with small group sizes fails to uncover informative learning signals for difficult prompts.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-08 Wei Xiong , Chenlu Ye , Baohao Liao , Hanze Dong , Xinxing Xu , Christof Monz , Jiang Bian , Nan Jiang , Tong Zhang

In order for autonomous mobile robots to navigate in human spaces, they must abide by our social norms. Reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as an effective method to train sequential decision-making policies that are able to respect…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2024-03-01 Adam Sigal , Hsiu-Chin Lin , AJung Moon

In recent years, many data augmentation techniques have been proposed to increase the diversity of input data and reduce the risk of overfitting on deep neural networks. In this work, we propose an easy-to-implement and model-free data…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-11-16 Kun He , Chang Liu , Stephen Lin , John E. Hopcroft

A practical approach to robot reinforcement learning is to first collect a large batch of real or simulated robot interaction data, using some data collection policy, and then learn from this data to perform various tasks, using offline…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2021-06-02 Shadi Endrawis , Gal Leibovich , Guy Jacob , Gal Novik , Aviv Tamar

Learning robot control policies from physics simulations is of great interest to the robotics community as it may render the learning process faster, cheaper, and safer by alleviating the need for expensive real-world experiments. However,…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2021-06-22 Fabio Muratore , Michael Gienger , Jan Peters

Large Vision-Language Action (VLA) models have shown significant potential for embodied AI. However, their predominant training via supervised fine-tuning (SFT) limits generalization due to susceptibility to compounding errors under…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-15 Jijia Liu , Feng Gao , Bingwen Wei , Xinlei Chen , Qingmin Liao , Yi Wu , Chao Yu , Yu Wang

Recent advances in robotic foundation models have enabled the development of generalist policies that can adapt to diverse tasks. While these models show impressive flexibility, their performance heavily depends on the quality of their…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2024-12-16 Charles Xu , Qiyang Li , Jianlan Luo , Sergey Levine

Deep reinforcement learning (RL) agents trained in a limited set of environments tend to suffer overfitting and fail to generalize to unseen testing environments. To improve their generalizability, data augmentation approaches (e.g. cutout…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-10-22 Kaixin Wang , Bingyi Kang , Jie Shao , Jiashi Feng

Reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms have demonstrated promising results on complex tasks, yet often require impractical numbers of samples since they learn from scratch. Meta-RL aims to address this challenge by leveraging experience…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-10-28 Russell Mendonca , Abhishek Gupta , Rosen Kralev , Pieter Abbeel , Sergey Levine , Chelsea Finn

Data augmentation (DA) is a powerful workhorse for bolstering performance in modern machine learning. Specific augmentations like translations and scaling in computer vision are traditionally believed to improve generalization by generating…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-02-29 Chi-Heng Lin , Chiraag Kaushik , Eva L. Dyer , Vidya Muthukumar