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The increasingly pervasive connectivity of today's information systems brings up new challenges to security. Traditional security has accomplished a long way toward protecting well-defined goals such as confidentiality, integrity,…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2018-08-27 Quanyan Zhu , Stefan Rass

Blockchains have witnessed widespread adoption in the past decade in various fields. The growing demand makes their scalability and sustainability challenges more evident than ever. As a result, more and more blockchains have begun to adopt…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2021-07-12 Shashank Motepalli , Hans-Arno Jacobsen

Cooperative dynamics are central to our understanding of many phenomena in living and complex systems. However, we lack a universal mechanism to explain the emergence of cooperation. We present a novel framework for modelling social dilemma…

物理与社会 · 物理学 2025-02-27 Jay Armas , Wout Merbis , Janusz Meylahn , Soroush Rafiee Rad , Mauricio J. del Razo

In a market system, regulations are designed to prevent or rectify market failures that inhibit fair exchange, such as monopoly or transactions with hidden costs. Because regulations reduce profits to those possessing unfair advantage,…

综合金融 · 定量金融 2013-10-02 Dominic K. Albino , Anzi Hu , Yaneer Bar-Yam

Understanding the emergence of cooperation in social networks has advanced through pairwise interactions, but the corresponding theory for group-based public goods games (PGGs) remains less explored. Here, we provide theoretical conditions…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2026-02-11 Chaoqian Wang , Qi Su

Blockchain is a new technological approach that has gained popularity on the market due to its application in several areas such as education, health, security, and smart cities, among others. However, understanding how blockchain works is…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2021-04-16 Diogo Cortiz , Newton Calegari , Fabiana Oliveira , Daniel Couto Gatti

The minority model was introduced to study the competition between agents with limited information. It has the remarkable feature that, as the amount of information available increases, the collective gain made by the agents is reduced.…

统计力学 · 物理学 2007-05-23 M. A. R. de Cara , O. Pla , F. Guinea

Competition has been introduced in the electricity markets with the goal of reducing prices and improving efficiency. The basic idea which stays behind this choice is that, in competitive markets, a greater quantity of the good is exchanged…

物理与社会 · 物理学 2009-11-11 Ettore Bompard , Yuchao Ma , Elena Ragazzi

Smart contract-enabled blockchains allow building decentralized applications in which mutually-distrusted parties can work together. Recently, oracle services emerged to provide these applications with real-world data feeds. Unfortunately,…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2021-12-24 Z. Motaqy , G. Almashaqbeh , B. Bahrak , N. Yazdani

Federated learning is a setting where agents, each with access to their own data source, combine models from local data to create a global model. If agents are drawing their data from different distributions, though, federated learning…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2020-12-18 Kate Donahue , Jon Kleinberg

Blockchains are still perceived chiefly as a new technology. But each blockchain is also a community and a social experiment, built around social consensus. Here I discuss three examples showing how collective intelligence can help, threat…

物理与社会 · 物理学 2021-07-13 Andrea Baronchelli

We investigate a game-theoretic model of a social system where both the rules of the game and the interaction structure are shaped by the behavior of the agents. We call this type of model, with several types of feedback couplings from the…

种群与进化 · 定量生物学 2016-11-25 Sungmin Lee , Petter Holme , Zhi-Xi Wu

Competitive online games use rating systems to match players with similar skills to ensure a satisfying experience for players. In this paper, we focus on the importance of addressing different aspects of playing behavior when modeling…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2021-12-09 Arman Dehpanah , Muheeb Faizan Ghori , Jonathan Gemmell , Bamshad Mobasher

The current surge in supply chain finance has significantly alleviated the "capital challenges" faced by domestic related enterprises, enabling enterprises upstream and subsequent stages of the industrial chain to achieve effective…

社会与信息网络 · 计算机科学 2025-11-11 Linwei Wu

We study an interacting agent model of a game-theoretical economy. The agents play a minority-subsequently-majority game and they learn, using backpropagation networks, to obtain higher payoffs. We study the relevance of heterogeneity to…

凝聚态物理 · 物理学 2007-05-23 Wan Ahmad Tajuddin Wan Abdullah

Community organization permeates both social and biological complex systems. To study its interplay with behavior emergence, we model mobile structured populations with multiplayer interactions. We derive general analytical methods for…

种群与进化 · 定量生物学 2024-08-28 Diogo L. Pires , Mark Broom

Collusive practices of firms continue to be a major threat to competition and consumer welfare. Academic research on this topic aims at understanding the economic drivers and behavioral patterns of cartels, among others, to guide…

综合经济学 · 经济学 2024-03-11 W. Benedikt Schmal

In this work, we analyse the relationship between heterogeneity and cooperation. Previous investigations suggest that this relation is nontrivial, as some authors found that heterogeneity sustains cooperation, while others obtained…

物理与社会 · 物理学 2020-06-25 Marco A. Amaral , Marco A. Javarone

We introduce and study a model of an interacting population of agents who collaborate in groups which compete for limited resources. Groups are formed by random matching agents and their worth is determined by the sum of the efforts…

物理与社会 · 物理学 2009-11-13 Emanuele Pugliese , Claudio Castellano , Matteo Marsili , Luciano Pietronero

This study introduces a novel cooperative game theory model designed to improve the United Nations' current funding mechanisms, which predominantly rely on voluntary contributions. By shifting from a Nash equilibrium framework, where member…

物理与社会 · 物理学 2026-02-18 Labib Shami , Teddy Lazebnik