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We present an overview of techniques for quantizing convolutional neural networks for inference with integer weights and activations. Per-channel quantization of weights and per-layer quantization of activations to 8-bits of precision…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2018-06-22 Raghuraman Krishnamoorthi

Model quantization helps to reduce model size and latency of deep neural networks. Mixed precision quantization is favorable with customized hardwares supporting arithmetic operations at multiple bit-widths to achieve maximum efficiency. We…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2020-12-04 Linjie Yang , Qing Jin

Large Language Models (LLMs) face significant deployment challenges due to their substantial resource requirements. While low-bit quantized weights can reduce memory usage and improve inference efficiency, current hardware lacks native…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-10 Pengxiang Zhao , Xiaoming Yuan

As large language models (LLMs) grow in size and deployment scale, quantization has become an essential technique for reducing memory footprint and improving inference efficiency. However, existing quantization toolkits often lack…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-01 Dong Liu , Yanxuan Yu

Network quantization is arguably one of the most practical network compression approaches for reducing the enormous resource consumption of modern deep neural networks. They usually require diverse and subtle design choices for specific…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-05-28 Ningyuan Tang , Minghao Fu , Hao Yu , Jianxin Wu

Quantizing deep neural networks ,reducing the precision (bit-width) of their computations, can remarkably decrease memory usage and accelerate processing, making these models more suitable for large-scale medical imaging applications with…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-01-30 Chongyu Qu , Ritchie Zhao , Ye Yu , Bin Liu , Tianyuan Yao , Junchao Zhu , Bennett A. Landman , Yucheng Tang , Yuankai Huo

The post-training quantization (PTQ) challenge of bringing quantized neural net accuracy close to original has drawn much attention driven by industry demand. Many of the methods emphasize optimization of a specific degree-of-freedom (DoF),…

机器学习 · 统计学 2023-03-21 Alex Finkelstein , Ella Fuchs , Idan Tal , Mark Grobman , Niv Vosco , Eldad Meller

The number of parameters in deep neural networks (DNNs) is rapidly increasing to support complicated tasks and to improve model accuracy. Correspondingly, the amount of computations and required memory footprint increase as well.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-09-01 Yongkweon Jeon , Baeseong Park , Se Jung Kwon , Byeongwook Kim , Jeongin Yun , Dongsoo Lee

As deep learning (DL) is being rapidly pushed to edge computing, researchers invented various ways to make inference computation more efficient on mobile/IoT devices, such as network pruning, parameter compression, and etc. Quantization, as…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2019-03-13 Tao Sheng , Chen Feng , Shaojie Zhuo , Xiaopeng Zhang , Liang Shen , Mickey Aleksic

Quantization of the weights and activations is one of the main methods to reduce the computational footprint of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) training. Current methods enable 4-bit quantization of the forward phase. However, this constitutes…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-06-11 Brian Chmiel , Ron Banner , Elad Hoffer , Hilla Ben Yaacov , Daniel Soudry

We present ITQ3_S (Interleaved Ternary Quantization -- Specialized), a novel 3-bit weight quantization format for LLMs integrating TurboQuant (TQ), a rotation-domain strategy based on the Fast Walsh-Hadamard Transform (FWHT). Conventional…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-01 Edward J. Yoon

As deep neural networks (DNNs) see increased deployment on mobile and edge devices, optimizing model efficiency has become crucial. Mixed-precision quantization is widely favored, as it offers a superior balance between efficiency and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-31 Seokho Han , Seoyeon Yoon , Jinhee Kim , Dongwei Wang , Kang Eun Jeon , Huanrui Yang , Jong Hwan Ko

Post-training quantization (PTQ) reduces a model's memory footprint by mapping full precision weights into low bit weights without costly retraining, but can degrade its downstream performance especially in low 2- to 3-bit settings. We…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-18 Hanqi Xiao , Yi-Lin Sung , Elias Stengel-Eskin , Mohit Bansal

Recovering a high dynamic range (HDR) image from a single low dynamic range (LDR) image, namely inverse tone mapping (ITM), is challenging due to the lack of information in over- and under-exposed regions. Current methods focus exclusively…

图像与视频处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2022-04-12 Juan Borrego-Carazo , Mete Ozay , Frederik Laboyrie , Paul Wisbey

Neural network quantization is widely used to reduce model inference complexity in real-world deployments. However, traditional integer quantization suffers from accuracy degradation when adapting to various dynamic ranges. Recent research…

性能 · 计算机科学 2023-10-30 Zhuoyi Zhang , Yunchen Zhang , Gonglei Shi , Yu Shen , Ruihao Gong , Xiaoxu Xia , Qi Zhang , Lewei Lu , Xianglong Liu

Quantization is a proven effective method for compressing large language models. Although popular techniques like W8A8 and W4A16 effectively maintain model performance, they often fail to concurrently speed up the prefill and decoding…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-08-01 Ying Zhang , Peng Zhang , Mincong Huang , Jingyang Xiang , Yujie Wang , Chao Wang , Yineng Zhang , Lei Yu , Chuan Liu , Wei Lin

Neural network quantization has an inherent problem called accumulated quantization error, which is the key obstacle towards ultra-low precision, e.g., 2- or 3-bit precision. To resolve this problem, we propose precision highway, which…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2018-12-27 Eunhyeok Park , Dongyoung Kim , Sungjoo Yoo , Peter Vajda

As Large Language Models (LLMs) scale, weight-only quantization (W4A16: 4-bit weights, 16-bit activations) becomes critical for reducing memory footprint with minimal accuracy loss. However, its efficient deployment on Huawei's Ascend 910…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2026-03-04 Yuanhong He , Peiyu Niu , Jun Chen , Chenchen Zhang , Chao Yang

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved outstanding performance across a wide range of natural language processing tasks, but their enormous parameter counts impose ubstantial memory and computational overheads. This challenge is…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-07 Seoungsub Lee , In Seo Kim , Seon Wook Kim

Large language models (LLMs) have significantly advanced the natural language processing paradigm but impose substantial demands on memory and computational resources. Quantization is one of the most effective ways to reduce memory…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-04-29 Xilong Xie , Liang Wang , Limin Xiao , Meng Han , Lin Sun , Shuai Zheng , Xiangrong Xu