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Solar flares show remarkable variety of the energy partitioning between thermal and nonthermal components. Those with a prominent nonthermal component but only a modest thermal one are particularly well suited to study the direct effect of…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2020-02-26 Galina G. Motorina , Gregory D. Fleishman , Eduard P. Kontar

The energy of the thermal flare plasma and the kinetic energy of the non-thermal electrons in 14 hard X-ray peaks from 9 medium-sized solar flares have been determined from RHESSI observations. The emissions have been carefully separated in…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2007-05-23 Pascal Saint-Hilaire , Arnold O. Benz

Non-potential magnetic energy promptly released in solar flares is converted to other forms of energy. This may include nonthermal energy of flare-accelerated particles, thermal energy of heated flaring plasma, and kinetic energy of…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2021-06-09 Gregory D. Fleishman , Lucia Kleint , Galina G. Motorina , Gelu M. Nita , Eduard P. Kontar

In some flares the thermal component appears much earlier than the nonthermal component in X-ray range. Using sensitive microwave observations we revisit this finding made by Battaglia et al. (2009) based on RHESSI data analysis. We have…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-11 Alexander A. Altyntsev , Gregory D. Fleishman , Sergey V. Lesovoi , Natalia S. Meshalkina

The disparate nature of thermal-nonthermal energy partition during flares, particularly during weak flares, is still an open issue. Following the Neupert effect, quantifying the relative yield of X-ray emission in different energy bands can…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2024-02-06 Arun Kumar Awasthi , Tomasz Mrozek , Sylwester Kołomański , Michalina Litwicka , Marek Stęślicki , Karol Kułaga

During solar flares, a large fraction of the released magnetic energy is carried by energetic electrons that transfer and deposit energy in the Sun's atmosphere. Electron transport is often approximated by a cold thick-target model (CTTM),…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2019-08-09 Natasha L. S. Jeffrey , Eduard P. Kontar , Lyndsay Fletcher

Extending previous studies of nonthermal electron transport in solar flares which include the effects of collisional energy diffusion and thermalization of fast electrons, we present an analytic method to infer more accurate estimates of…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-08-19 E. P. Kontar , N. L. S. Jeffrey , A. G. Emslie , N. H. Bian

The impulsive phase of a solar flare is known to generate strong turbulence and to transfer magnetic energy into accelerated electrons. Recognizing the importance of angular diffusion on the dynamics of the accelerated electrons, we extend…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2026-03-30 A. Gordon Emslie , Eduard P. Kontar

The thermal-to-nonthermal partition was found to vary greatly from one flare to another resulting in a broad variety of cases from 'heating without acceleration' to 'acceleration without heating'. Recent analysis of microwave data of these…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2013-04-02 Gregory D. Fleishman

We investigate the influence of the variations of energy spectrum of non-thermal electrons on the resulting GOES classes of solar flares. Twelve observed flares with various soft to hard X-ray emission ratios were modelled using different…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2009-09-25 R. Falewicz , P. Rudawy , M. Siarkowski

Determining the energy transport mechanisms in flares remains a central goal in solar flares physics that is still not adequately answered by the 'standard flare model'. In particular, the relative roles of particles and/or waves as…

Microflares are energetically smaller versions of solar flares, demonstrating the same processes of plasma heating and particle acceleration. However, it remains unclear down to what energy scales this impulsive energy release continues,…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2024-02-09 Kristopher Cooper , Iain G. Hannah , Lindsay Glesener , Brian W. Grefenstette

Solar flares are driven by release of the free magnetic energy and its conversion to other forms of energy -- kinetic, thermal, and nonthermal. Quantification of partitions between these energy components and their evolution is needed to…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2023-08-02 Gregory D. Fleishman , Gelu M. Nita , Galina G. Motorina

The energy released in a solar flare is partitioned between thermal and non-thermal particle energy and lost to thermal conduction and radiation over a broad range of wavelengths. It is difficult to determine the conductive losses and the…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2011-02-11 J. C. Raymond , G. Holman , A. Ciaravella , A. Panasyuk , Y. -K. Ko , J. Kohl

In this study we synthesize the results of four previous studies on the global energetics of solar flares and associated coronal mass ejections (CMEs), which include magnetic, thermal, nonthermal, and CME energies in 399 solar M and X-class…

A subclass of early impulsive solar flares, cold flares, was proposed to represent a clean case, where the release of the free magnetic energy (almost) entirely goes to acceleration of the nonthermal electrons, while the observed thermal…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2025-08-27 Gregory D. Fleishman , Galina G. Motorina , Sijie Yu , Gelu M. Nita

The energy released in solar flares derives from a reconfiguration of magnetic fields to a lower energy state, and is manifested in several forms, including bulk kinetic energy of the coronal mass ejection, acceleration of electrons and…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2017-04-19 E. P. Kontar , J. E. Perez , L. K. Harra , A. A. Kuznetsov , A. G. Emslie , N. L. S. Jeffrey , N. H. Bian , B. R. Dennis

This paper presents a solely thermal flare, which we detected in the microwave range from the thermal gyro- and free-free emission it produced. An advantage of analyzing thermal gyro emission is its unique ability to precisely yield the…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-23 Gregory D. Fleishman , Gelu M. Nita , Dale E. Gary

Recently, a number of peculiar flares have been reported, which demonstrate significant non-thermal particle signatures with a low, if any, thermal emission, that implies close association of the observed emission with the primary energy…

Possible entropy constraints on particle acceleration spectra are discussed. Solar flare models invoke a variety of initial distributions of the primary energy release over the particles of the flare plasma -- ie., the partition of the…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2011-05-23 John C Brown , Gregory Beekman , Norman Gray , Alexander L MacKinnon
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