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Spin currents are used to write information in magnetic random access memory (MRAM) devices by switching the magnetization direction of one of the ferromagnetic electrodes of a magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) nanopillar. Different physical…

介观与纳米尺度物理 · 物理学 2022-04-26 Christopher Safranski , Jonathan Z. Sun , Andrew D. Kent

Magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) are crucial components in high-performance spintronic devices. Traditional MTJs rely on ferromagnetic (FM) materials but significant improvements in speed and packing density could be enabled by exploiting…

This paper proposes a novel spiking artificial neuron design based on a combined spin valve/magnetic tunnel junction (SV/MTJ). Traditional hardware used in artificial intelligence and machine learning faces significant challenges related to…

应用物理 · 物理学 2025-06-10 Steven Louis , Hannah Bradley , Cody Trevillian , Andrei Slavin , Vasyl Tyberkevych

We demonstrate that thermally stable perpendicular magnetic tunnel junctions (pMTJs), widely used in spin-transfer torque magnetic random-access memory, can be actuated with nanosecond pulses to exhibit tunable stochastic behavior. This…

介观与纳米尺度物理 · 物理学 2026-01-15 Ahmed Sidi El Valli , Michael Tsao , Dairong Chen , Andrew D. Kent

Serial connection of multiple memory cells using perpendicular magnetic tunnel junctions (pMTJ) is proposed as a way to increase magnetic random access memory (MRAM) storage density. Multi-bit storage element is designed using pMTJs…

应用物理 · 物理学 2019-07-24 Piotr Rzeszut , Witold Skowroński , Sławomir Ziętek , Jerzy Wrona , Tomasz Stobiecki

Resistive Random Access Memory (RRAM) and Phase Change Memory (PCM) devices have been popularly used as synapses in crossbar array based analog Neural Network (NN) circuit to achieve more energy and time efficient data classification…

应用物理 · 物理学 2019-10-30 Divya Kaushik , Utkarsh Singh , Upasana Sahu , Indu Sreedevi , Debanjan Bhowmik

Efficient generation of spin currents from charge currents is of high importance for memory and logic applications of spintronics. In particular, generation of spin currents from charge currents in high spin-orbit coupling metals has the…

Recently there is considerable interest to realize efficient and low-cost true random number generators (RNGs) for practical applications. One important way is through the use of bistable magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs). Here we study the…

其他凝聚态物理 · 物理学 2023-09-07 Chee Kwan Gan , Bingjin Chen , Minggang Zeng

GaMnAs-based magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) devices are characterized by in-plane and perpendicular-toplane magnetotransport at low temperatures. Perpendicular-to-plane transport reveals the typical tunneling magnetotransport (TMR) signal.…

介观与纳米尺度物理 · 物理学 2015-06-11 Aymen Ben Hamida , Florian Bergmann , Klaus Pierz , Hans Werner Schumacher

Stochastic magnetic tunnel junctions (s-MTJ) is a promising component of probabilistic bit (p-bit), which plays a pivotal role in probabilistic computers. For a standard cell structure of the p-bit, s-MTJ is desired to be insensitive to…

介观与纳米尺度物理 · 物理学 2024-07-12 Rikuto Ota , Keito Kobayashi , Keisuke Hayakawa , Shun Kanai , Kerem Y. Çamsarı , Hideo Ohno , Shunsuke Fukami

We present micromagnetic simulations and experiments on voltage-assisted field switching in perpendicular magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) with a synthetic antiferromagnetic (SAF) free layer, where the magnetic state of one sublayer is…

介观与纳米尺度物理 · 物理学 2026-04-02 K. Fan , S. V. Beek , G. Talmelli , V. Kateel , D. Giuliano , B. Vermeulen , K. Cai , B. Sorée , J. D. Boeck , R. Carpenter , S. Rao , S. Couet , V. D. Nguyen , G. S. Kar

Spin-transfer magnetic random access memory is of significant interest for cryogenic applications where a persistent, fast, low-energy consumption and high device density is needed. Here we report the low-temperature nanosecond duration…

应用物理 · 物理学 2019-10-31 Laura Rehm , Georg Wolf , Bartek Kardasz , Mustafa Pinarbasi , Andrew D. Kent

Recent years have witnessed growing interest in the use of Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) for vision, classification, and inference problems. An artificial neuron sums N weighted inputs and passes the result through a non-linear transfer…

新兴技术 · 计算机科学 2016-11-18 Deliang Fan , Yong Shim , Anand Raghunathan , Kaushik Roy

The spin-orbit torque device is promising as a candidate for next generation magnetic memory, while the static in-plane field needed to induce deterministic switching is a main obstacle for its application in highly integrated circuits.…

We report the possibility of achieving an order of magnitude reduction in the energy dissipation needed to write bits in perpendicular magnetic tunnel junctions (p-MTJs) by simulating the magnetization dynamics under a combination of…

介观与纳米尺度物理 · 物理学 2019-10-02 Austin Roe , Dhritiman Bhattacharya , Jayasimha Atulasimha

Spin-polarized charge-currents induce magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) switching by virtue of spin-transfer-torque (STT). Recently, by taking advantage of the spin dependent thermoelectric properties of magnetic materials, novel means of…

介观与纳米尺度物理 · 物理学 2015-06-15 Aakash Pushp , Timothy Phung , Charles Rettner , Brian P. Hughes , See-Hun Yang , Stuart S. P. Parkin

Stochastic magnetic tunnel junctions (sMTJ) using low-barrier nanomagnets have shown promise as fast, energy-efficient, and scalable building blocks for probabilistic computing. Despite recent experimental and theoretical progress, sMTJs…

介观与纳米尺度物理 · 物理学 2024-05-03 Kemal Selcuk , Shun Kanai , Rikuto Ota , Hideo Ohno , Shunsuke Fukami , Kerem Y. Camsari

True random number generators (TRNGs) are fundamental building blocks for many applications, such as cryptography, Monte Carlo simulations, neuromorphic computing, and probabilistic computing. While perpendicular magnetic tunnel junctions…

Spin-orbit torques, which utilize spin currents arising from the spin-orbit coupling, offer a novel method to electrically switch the magnetization with perpendicular anisotropy. However, the necessity of an external magnetic field to…

材料科学 · 物理学 2018-07-18 Jong Min Lee , Kaiming Cai , Guang Yang , Yang Liu , Rajagopalan Ramaswamy , Pan He , Hyunsoo Yang

Magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) are elementary units of magnetic memory devices. For high-speed and low-power data storage and processing applications, fast reversal by an ultrashort laser pulse is extremely important. We demonstrate…