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The formation and evolution of protoplanetary systems, the breeding grounds of planet formation, is a complex dynamical problem that involves many orders of magnitudes. To serve this purpose, we present a new hybrid algorithm that combines…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2011-06-01 Patrick Glaschke , Pau Amaro-Seoane , Rainer Spurzem

We present recent updates and improvements of the graphical processing unit (GPU) N-body code GENGA. Modern state-of-the-art simulations of planet formation require the use of a very high number of particles to accurately resolve planetary…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2022-06-29 Simon L. Grimm , Joachim G. Stadel , Ramon Brasser , Matthias M. M. Meier , Christoph Mordasini

Pebble accretion refers to the growth of planetary bodies through the accretion of pebble-sized particles. Pebbles are defined in terms of their aerodynamically size $\tau_s$, which describes the level of coupling to the disk gas.…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2024-12-12 C. W. Ormel

Cosmological N-Body simulations are used for a variety of applications. Indeed progress in the study of large scale structures and galaxy formation would have been very limited without this tool. For nearly twenty years the limitations…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2010-05-07 J. S. Bagla , Nishikanta Khandai

The growth and migration of planetesimals in a young protoplanetary disc are fundamental to planet formation. In all models of early growth, there are several processes that can inhibit grains from reaching larger sizes. Nevertheless,…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2017-11-08 A. Hughes , A. C. Boley

Aims. Comparing theoretical models with observations allows one to make key step forward towards an understanding of planetary systems. It however requires a model able to (i) predict all the necessary observable quantities (not only masses…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2021-12-08 Alexandre Emsenhuber , Christoph Mordasini , Remo Burn , Yann Alibert , Willy Benz , Erik Asphaug

In this paper, we present a new hybrid algorithm for the time integration of collisional N-body systems. In this algorithm, gravitational force between two particles is divided into short-range and long-range terms, using a…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-05-27 Shoichi Oshino , Yoko Funato , Junichiro Makino

Numerous circumbinary planets have been discovered in surveys of transiting planets. Often, these planets are found to orbit near to the zone of dynamical instability, close to the central binary. The existence of these planets has been…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2023-03-29 Gavin A. L. Coleman , Richard P. Nelson , Amaury H. M. J. Triaud

NASA's Kepler mission discovered $\sim700$ planets in multi-planet systems containing 3 or more transiting bodies, many of which are super-Earths and mini-Neptunes in compact configurations. Using $N$-body simulations, we examine the in…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2020-01-08 Sanson T. S. Poon , Richard P. Nelson , Seth A. Jacobson , Alessandro Morbidelli

We have developed a parallel Particle-Particle, Particle-Mesh (P^3M) simulation code for the T3E well suited to studying the time evolution of systems of particles interacting via gravity and gas forces in cosmological contexts. The…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-09-25 Tom MacFarland , Jakob Pichlmeier , Frazer Pearce , Hugh Couchman

Pebble accretion is a new mechanism to quickly grow the cores of planets. In pebble accretion, gravity and gas drag conspire to yield large collisional cross sections for small particles in protoplanetary disks. However, before pebble…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2016-02-03 Rico G. Visser , Chris W. Ormel

Formation models in which terrestrial bodies grow via the pairwise accretion of planetesimals have been reasonably successful at reproducing the general properties of the solar system, including small body populations. However, planetesimal…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2023-07-20 Spencer C. Wallace , Thomas R. Quinn

We have performed fully self-consistent $N$-body simulations of star clusters near the Galactic center (GC). Such simulations have not been performed because it is difficult to perform fast and accurate simulations of such systems using…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-13 M. Fujii , M. Iwasawa , Y. Funato , J. Makino

Star clusters form via clustering star formation inside molecular clouds. In order to understand the dynamical evolution of star clusters in their early phase, in which star clusters are still embedded in their surrounding gas, we need an…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2021-05-26 M. S. Fujii , T. R. Saitoh , L. Wang , Y. Hirai

We hypothesise that planets are made by tidal downsizing of migrating giant planet embryos. The proposed scheme for planet formation consists of these steps: (i) a massive young protoplanetary disc fragments at R ~ several tens to hundreds…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-05-19 Sergei Nayakshin

Planet formation models begin with proto-embryos and planetesimals already fully formed, missing out a crucial step, the formation of planetesimals/proto-embryos. In this work, we include prescriptions for planetesimal and proto-embryo…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2021-07-14 Gavin A. L. Coleman

One of the current challenges of planet formation theory is to explain the enrichment of observed exoplanetary atmospheres. Past studies have focused on scenarios where either pebbles or planetesimals were the heavy element enrichment's…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2023-11-08 Claudia Danti , Bertram Bitsch , Jingyi Mah

We present a model in which planetesimal disks are built from the combination of planetesimal formation and accretion of radially drifting pebbles onto existing planetesimals. In this model, the rate of accretion of pebbles onto…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-08-19 John Moriarty , Debra Fischer

In this work, we apply a soft-sphere discrete element method (SSDEM) within the PKDGRAV N-body integrator to investigate the formation of planetesimal systems through the gravitational collapse of clouds of super-particles. Previously…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2025-07-23 Jackson T. Barnes , Stephen R. Schwartz , Seth A. Jacobson

According to the sequential accretion model, giant planet formation is based first on the formation of a solid core which, when massive enough, can gravitationally bind gas from the nebula to form the envelope. In order to trigger the…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-11 A. Fortier , Y. Alibert , F. Carron , W. Benz , K. -M. Dittkrist