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Reinforcement Learning (RL) is essential for evolving Large Language Models (LLMs) into autonomous agents capable of long-horizon planning, yet a practical recipe for scaling RL in complex, multi-turn environments remains elusive. This…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-24 Xixi Wu , Qianguo Sun , Ruiyang Zhang , Chao Song , Junlong Wu , Yiyan Qi , Hong Cheng

Reinforcement learning (RL) agents aim at learning by interacting with an environment, and are not designed for representing or reasoning with declarative knowledge. Knowledge representation and reasoning (KRR) paradigms are strong in…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2018-11-26 Keting Lu , Shiqi Zhang , Peter Stone , Xiaoping Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) achieve competitive results compared to human experts in medical examinations. However, it remains a challenge to apply LLMs to complex clinical decision-making, which requires a deep understanding of medical…

Conversational shopping agents represent a critical consumer-facing application of Large Language Model (LLM)-powered agents, yet how to effectively apply post-training Reinforcement Learning (RL) to optimize such agents remains…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2026-03-09 Yiruo Cheng , Kelong Mao , Tianhao Li , Jiejun Tan , Ji-Rong Wen , Zhicheng Dou

Given a simple request like Put a washed apple in the kitchen fridge, humans can reason in purely abstract terms by imagining action sequences and scoring their likelihood of success, prototypicality, and efficiency, all without moving a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-03-16 Mohit Shridhar , Xingdi Yuan , Marc-Alexandre Côté , Yonatan Bisk , Adam Trischler , Matthew Hausknecht

Progress in Reinforcement Learning (RL) algorithms goes hand-in-hand with the development of challenging environments that test the limits of current methods. While existing RL environments are either sufficiently complex or based on fast…

This paper focuses on how to take advantage of external relational knowledge to improve machine reading comprehension (MRC) with multi-task learning. Most of the traditional methods in MRC assume that the knowledge used to get the correct…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2019-09-06 Jiangnan Xia , Chen Wu , Ming Yan

StarCraft II is a challenging benchmark for AI agents due to the necessity of both precise micro level operations and strategic macro awareness. Previous works, such as Alphastar and SCC, achieve impressive performance on tackling StarCraft…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-06-19 Weiyu Ma , Qirui Mi , Yongcheng Zeng , Xue Yan , Yuqiao Wu , Runji Lin , Haifeng Zhang , Jun Wang

Word embedding, which refers to low-dimensional dense vector representations of natural words, has demonstrated its power in many natural language processing tasks. However, it may suffer from the inaccurate and incomplete information…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2015-06-16 Fei Tian , Bin Gao , Enhong Chen , Tie-Yan Liu

One of the grand challenges of reinforcement learning is the ability to generalize to new tasks. However, general agents require a set of rich, diverse tasks to train on. Designing a `foundation environment' for such tasks is tricky -- the…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2023-10-17 Kevin Frans , Phillip Isola

This paper provides a roadmap that explores the question of how to imbue learning agents with the ability to understand and generate contextually relevant natural language in service of achieving a goal. We hypothesize that two key…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2021-03-19 Prithviraj Ammanabrolu , Mark O. Riedl

Nowadays, model-free reinforcement learning algorithms have achieved remarkable performance on many decision making and control tasks, but high sample complexity and low sample efficiency still hinder the wide use of model-free…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2020-10-27 Jingbin Liu , Xinyang Gu , Shuai Liu

Reinforcement learning (RL) agents have shown remarkable performances in various environments, where they can discover effective policies directly from sensory inputs. However, these agents often exploit spurious correlations in the…

Large Language Model (LLM) agents show great promise for complex, multi-turn tool-use tasks, but their development is often hampered by the extreme scarcity of high-quality training data. Supervised fine-tuning (SFT) on synthetic data leads…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-02-02 Siyuan Lu , Zechuan Wang , Hongxuan Zhang , Qintong Wu , Leilei Gan , Chenyi Zhuang , Jinjie Gu , Tao Lin

Large Language Models (LLMs) have the potential to accelerate small molecule drug design due to their ability to reason about information from diverse sources and formats. However, their practical utility remains unclear due to the lack of…

Text-based games provide an interactive way to study natural language processing. While deep reinforcement learning has shown effectiveness in developing the game playing agent, the low sample efficiency and the large action space remain to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-04-22 Yunqiu Xu , Meng Fang , Ling Chen , Yali Du , Joey Tianyi Zhou , Chengqi Zhang

We present a new approach ARLPCG: Adversarial Reinforcement Learning for Procedural Content Generation, which procedurally generates and tests previously unseen environments with an auxiliary input as a control variable. Training RL agents…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-06-11 Linus Gisslén , Andy Eakins , Camilo Gordillo , Joakim Bergdahl , Konrad Tollmar

Knowledge graphs can represent information about the real-world using entities and their relations in a structured and semantically rich manner and they enable a variety of downstream applications such as question-answering, recommendation…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-05-16 Hanieh Khorashadizadeh , Nandana Mihindukulasooriya , Sanju Tiwari , Jinghua Groppe , Sven Groppe

Reinforcement Learning (RL) techniques have drawn great attention in many challenging tasks, but their performance deteriorates dramatically when applied to real-world problems. Various methods, such as domain randomization, have been…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-08-05 Wangyang Yue , Yuan Zhou , Xiaochuan Zhang , Yuchen Hua , Zhiyuan Wang , Guang Kou

Adapting a Reinforcement Learning (RL) agent to an unseen environment is a difficult task due to typical over-fitting on the training environment. RL agents are often capable of solving environments very close to the trained environment,…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2022-07-04 Olivier Moulin , Vincent Francois-Lavet , Paul Elbers , Mark Hoogendoorn