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Complementary-label learning is a weakly supervised learning problem in which each training example is associated with one or multiple complementary labels indicating the classes to which it does not belong. Existing consistent approaches…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-14 Wei Wang , Takashi Ishida , Yu-Jie Zhang , Gang Niu , Masashi Sugiyama

In contrast to the standard learning paradigm where all classes can be observed in training data, learning with augmented classes (LAC) tackles the problem where augmented classes unobserved in the training data may emerge in the test…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-06-13 Senlin Shu , Shuo He , Haobo Wang , Hongxin Wei , Tao Xiang , Lei Feng

Collecting labeled data is costly and thus a critical bottleneck in real-world classification tasks. To mitigate this problem, we propose a novel setting, namely learning from complementary labels for multi-class classification. A…

机器学习 · 统计学 2017-11-15 Takashi Ishida , Gang Niu , Weihua Hu , Masashi Sugiyama

A weakly-supervised learning framework named as complementary-label learning has been proposed recently, where each sample is equipped with a single complementary label that denotes one of the classes the sample does not belong to. However,…

机器学习 · 统计学 2020-07-24 Yuzhou Cao , Shuqi Liu , Yitian Xu

The recently proposed unlabeled-unlabeled (UU) classification method allows us to train a binary classifier only from two unlabeled datasets with different class priors. Since this method is based on the empirical risk minimization, it…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-04-01 Nan Lu , Tianyi Zhang , Gang Niu , Masashi Sugiyama

Partial Label Learning (PLL) is a typical weakly supervised learning task, which assumes each training instance is annotated with a set of candidate labels containing the ground-truth label. Recent PLL methods adopt identification-based…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-01 Jiayu Hu , Senlin Shu , Beibei Li , Tao Xiang , Zhongshi He

From only positive (P) and unlabeled (U) data, a binary classifier could be trained with PU learning, in which the state of the art is unbiased PU learning. However, if its model is very flexible, empirical risks on training data will go…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2017-11-07 Ryuichi Kiryo , Gang Niu , Marthinus C. du Plessis , Masashi Sugiyama

Weakly supervised learning has emerged as a practical alternative to fully supervised learning when complete and accurate labels are costly or infeasible to acquire. However, many existing methods are tailored to specific supervision…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-01 Miao Zhang , Junpeng Li , Changchun Hua , Yana Yang

In contrast to the standard classification paradigm where the true class is given to each training pattern, complementary-label learning only uses training patterns each equipped with a complementary label, which only specifies one of the…

机器学习 · 统计学 2019-11-20 Takashi Ishida , Gang Niu , Aditya Krishna Menon , Masashi Sugiyama

Supervised learning needs a huge amount of labeled data, which can be a big bottleneck under the situation where there is a privacy concern or labeling cost is high. To overcome this problem, we propose a new weakly-supervised learning…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2018-08-16 Han Bao , Gang Niu , Masashi Sugiyama

This paper studies the problem of learning with augmented classes (LAC), where augmented classes unobserved in the training data might emerge in the testing phase. Previous studies generally attempt to discover augmented classes by…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-11-30 Yu-Jie Zhang , Peng Zhao , Zhi-Hua Zhou

A complementary label (CL) simply indicates an incorrect class of an example, but learning with CLs results in multi-class classifiers that can predict the correct class. Unfortunately, the problem setting only allows a single CL for each…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-08-09 Lei Feng , Takuo Kaneko , Bo Han , Gang Niu , Bo An , Masashi Sugiyama

Complementary Labels Learning (CLL) arises in many real-world tasks such as private questions classification and online learning, which aims to alleviate the annotation cost compared with standard supervised learning. Unfortunately, most…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-11-22 Zhongnian Li , Jian Zhang , Mengting Xu , Xinzheng Xu , Daoqiang Zhang

Obtaining accurate class labels is often costly or unreliable, and may also be limited by privacy or other practical conditions. Compared with asking an annotator to provide the exact class, it is often easier to ask whether the true label…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-11 Jiaxu Su , Junpeng Li , Changchun Hua , Yana Yang

The problem of detecting a small number of outliers in a large dataset is an important task in many fields from fraud detection to high-energy physics. Two approaches have emerged to tackle this problem: unsupervised and supervised.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2015-07-30 Barbora Micenková , Brian McWilliams , Ira Assent

Unlearnable Examples (UEs) serve as a data protection strategy that generates imperceptible perturbations to mislead models into learning spurious correlations instead of underlying semantics. In this paper, we uncover a fundamental…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-06 Zhihao Li , Gezheng Xu , Jiale Cai , Ruiyi Fang , Di Wu , Qicheng Lao , Charles Ling , Boyu Wang

Existing similarity-based weakly supervised learning approaches often rely on precise similarity annotations between data pairs, which may inadvertently expose sensitive label information and raise privacy risks. To mitigate this issue, we…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-16 Meng Wei , Zhongnian Li , Peng Ying , Xinzheng Xu

In this study, a novel idea, Uncertainty Structure Estimation (USE), a lightweight, algorithm-agnostic procedure that emphasizes the often-overlooked role of unlabeled data quality is introduced for Semi-supervised learning (SSL). SSL has…

In this paper, we study the classification problem in which we have access to easily obtainable surrogate for true labels, namely complementary labels, which specify classes that observations do \textbf{not} belong to. Let $Y$ and $\bar{Y}$…

机器学习 · 统计学 2018-08-09 Xiyu Yu , Tongliang Liu , Mingming Gong , Dacheng Tao

When minimizing the empirical risk in binary classification, it is a common practice to replace the zero-one loss with a surrogate loss to make the learning objective feasible to optimize. Examples of well-known surrogate losses for binary…

机器学习 · 统计学 2023-06-07 Nontawat Charoenphakdee , Jongyeong Lee , Masashi Sugiyama
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