相关论文: The appearance of particle tracks in detectors

The appearance of tracks, close to classical orbits, left by charged quantum particles propagating inside a detector, such as a cavity periodically illuminated by light pulses, is studied for a family of idealized models. In the…

The Brownian motion of a test particle interacting with a quantum scalar field in the presence of a perfectly reflecting boundary is studied in (1 + 1)-dimensional flat spacetime. Particularly, the expressions for dispersions in velocity…

We introduce a model detector which registers the passage of a particle through the detector location, without substantially perturbing the particle wave function. (The exact time of passage is not determined in such measurements.) We then…

Cosmological particle creation is the phenomenon by which the expansion of spacetime results in the production of particles of a given quantum field in that spacetime. In this paper, we study this phenomenon by considering a multi-level…

We calculate the propagator of a particle caught in a Paul trap and subject to the continuous quantum measurement of its position. The probabilities of the measurement outputs, the possible trajectories of the particle, are also found. This…

Particle detector models allow to give an operational definition to the particle content of a given quantum state of a field theory. The commonly adopted Unruh-DeWitt type of detector is known to undergo temporary transitions to excited…

We study evolution of a quantum particle in a harmonic potential whose position and momentum are repeatedly monitored. A back-action of measuring devices is accounted for. Our model utilizes a generalized measurement corresponding to the…

Quantum measurements of physical quantities are usually described as ideal measurements. However, only a few measurements fulfil the conditions of ideal measurements. The aim of the present work is to describe real position measurements…

Tracking a real trajectory of a quantum particle still has been treated as the interpretation problem. It shall be expressed by a Brownian (stochastic) motion suggested by E. Nelson, however, the well-defined mechanism of field generation…

We consider a quantum particle, moving on a lattice with a tight-binding Hamiltonian, which is subjected to measurements to detect it's arrival at a particular chosen set of sites. The projective measurements are made at regular time…

Inspired by Mott's (1929) analysis of particle tracks in a cloud chamber, we consider a simple model for quantum cosmology which includes, in the total Hamiltonian, model detectors registering whether or not the system, at any stage in its…

We present a statistical model of non-interacting individual classical particles that may lead to a microscopic implementation of quantum mechanics. The model requires the action of a special type of detector that detects and records…

Elementary particle detectors fall broadly into only two classes: phase-transformation devices, such as the bubble chamber, and charge-transfer devices like the Geiger-Mueller tube. Quantum measurements are seen to involve transitions from…

The law of track formation in cloud chambers is derived from the Liouville equation with a simple Lindblad's type generator that describes coupling between a quantum particle and a classical, continuous, medium of two--state detectors.…

We study a motion of quantum particles, whose properties depend on one coordinate so that they can move freely in the perpendicular direction. A rotationally-symmetric Hamiltonian is derived and applied to study a general interface formed…

A phenomenological model of the time evolution of a particle wavepacket is presented that is subject to scattering event with small momentum transfer. It is suited for three dimensions and allows for an additional potential. For a random…

The particle detector model consisting of a harmonic oscillator coupled to a scalar field in $1+1$ dimensions is investigated in the inertial case. The same approach is then used in the accelerating case. The absence of radiation from a…

Scalar particles--i.e., scalar-field excitations--in de Sitter space exhibit behavior unlike either classical particles in expanding space or quantum particles in flat spacetime. Their energies oscillate forever, and their interactions are…

By a detector, one has in mind a point particle with internal energy levels, which when set in motion on a generic trajectory can get excited due to its interaction with a quantum field. Detectors have often been considered as a helpful…

The scattering phase shift of an electron transferred through a quantum dot is studied within a model Hamiltonian, accounting for both the electron--electron interaction in the dot and a finite temperature. It is shown that, unlike in an…