相关论文: Direct method for the quantitative analysis of sur…

Dust particulate fallout on materials in use for rare-event searches is a concerning source of radioactive backgrounds due to the presence of naturally occurring radionuclides K-40, Th-232, U-238, and their progeny in dust. Much effort is…

Subsurface radioactivity may be due to transport of radionuclides from a contaminated surface into the solid volume, as occurs for radioactive fallout deposited on soil, or from fast neutron activation of a solid volume, as occurs in…

A method enabling automatic detection and tracking of large amounts of individual dust particles in plasmas is presented. Individual trajectories can be found with a good spatiotemporal resolution, even without applying any external light…

Inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy is a powerful technique for measuring trace levels of radioactive contaminants, specifically Th and U, in materials for use in construction of low-background rare-event detectors such as double…

A reference material designed for the determination of natural radionuclides in solid samples (glass pellets) is described and the results of certification are presented. The material has been certified for 7 natural radionuclides (40K,…

Radioactive radon atoms originating from the long-lived primordial $^{238}\mathrm{U}$ and $^{232}\mathrm{Th}$ decay chains are constantly emanated from the surfaces of most materials. The radon atoms and their radioactive daughter isotopes…

PandaX-4T is a ton-scale dark matter direct detection experiment using a dual-phase TPC technique at the China Jinping Underground Laboratory. Various ultra-low background technologies have been developed and applied to material screening…

Exotic dark matter and dark energy together seem to dominate in the Universe. Supersymmetry naturally provides a candidate for the dark matter constituents via the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP). The most important process for…

To what extent can particulate random media be characterised using direct wave backscattering from a single receiver/source? Here, in a two dimensional setting, we show using a machine learning approach that both the particle radius and…

Two in-situ experimental methods are presented in which dust particles are used to determine the extent of the sheath and gain information about the time-averaged electric force profile within a RF plasma sheath. These methods are…

In 1992 the Far-Ultraviolet Space Telescope (FAUST) provided measurements of the ultraviolet (140-180nm) diffuse sky background at high, medium, and low Galactic latitudes. A significant fraction of the detected radiation was found to be of…

Cleaner analytic technique for quantifying compounds in dense suspension is needed for wastewater and environment analysis, chemical or bio-conversion process monitoring, biomedical diagnostics, food quality control among others. In this…

Dismantling nuclear power plants entails the production of a large amount of contaminated (or potentially contaminated) material whose disposal is of crucial importance. Most of the end products have to be stored in special repositories but…

The surface $^{210}$Pb is one of the main background sources for dark-matter-search experiments using NaI(Tl) crystals, and its spectral features associated with the beta-decay events for energies less than 60 keV depends on the depth…

Natural radioactivity concentrations in high exposure building materials are commonly used in Iran, which is measured a direct exposure by using {\gamma}-ray spectrometry. The values for 226Ra, 232Th and 40K were in the ranges 3.8 - 94.2,…

We present a new technique for determining the *quantity and composition* of dust in astrophysical environments using <6keV X-rays. We argue that high resolution X-ray spectra as enabled by the Chandra and XMM-Newton gratings should be…

The spectral region around 10 micrometer, showing prominent dust emission bands, is commonly used to derive the chemical composition of protoplanetary dust. Different analysis methods have been proposed for this purpose, but so far, no…

The direct detection of cosmic neutrino background (CNB) has been a longstanding challenge in particle physics, due to its low number density and tiny neutrino masses. In this work, we consider the spectrum of the CNB boosted by cosmic rays…

We present a new dust extinction technique with which we are able to retrieve parsec-scale gas surface density maps for entire nearby galaxies. The method measures the dust attenuation in optical bands on a pixel-by-pixel basis against a…

In this letter, the effects of dark radiation (DR) are tested. Theoretically, the phase-space analysis method is applied to check whether the model is consist with the history of our universe which shows positive results. Observationally,…