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Deep reinforcement learning agents are notoriously sample inefficient, which considerably limits their application to real-world problems. Recently, many model-based methods have been designed to address this issue, with learning in the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-03-02 Vincent Micheli , Eloi Alonso , François Fleuret

Reinforcement learning (RL) agent development traditionally requires substantial expertise and iterative effort, often leading to high failure rates and limited accessibility. This paper introduces Agent$^2$, an LLM-driven…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-10-01 Yuan Wei , Xiaohan Shan , Ran Miao , Jianmin Li

The increasing complexity of gameplay mechanisms in modern video games is leading to the emergence of a wider range of ways to play games. The variety of possible play-styles needs to be anticipated by designers, through automated tests.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-12-01 Pierre Le Pelletier de Woillemont , Rémi Labory , Vincent Corruble

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has traditionally focused on training specialized agents to optimize predefined reward functions within narrowly defined environments. However, the advent of powerful Large Language Models (LLMs) and increasingly…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-18 Fangming Cui , Ruixiao Zhu , Cheng Fang , Sunan Li , Jiahong Li

Asynchronous Advantage Actor Critic (A3C) is an effective Reinforcement Learning (RL) algorithm for a wide range of tasks, such as Atari games and robot control. The agent learns policies and value function through trial-and-error…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-12-03 Zhaoyuan Gu , Zhenzhong Jia , Howie Choset

Reproducibility in reinforcement learning is challenging: uncontrolled stochasticity from many sources, such as the learning algorithm, the learned policy, and the environment itself have led researchers to report the performance of learned…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-04-15 Kaleigh Clary , Emma Tosch , John Foley , David Jensen

MOBA games, e.g., Honor of Kings, League of Legends, and Dota 2, pose grand challenges to AI systems such as multi-agent, enormous state-action space, complex action control, etc. Developing AI for playing MOBA games has raised much…

The recently introduced Deep Q-Networks (DQN) algorithm has gained attention as one of the first successful combinations of deep neural networks and reinforcement learning. Its promise was demonstrated in the Arcade Learning Environment…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2016-04-25 Yitao Liang , Marlos C. Machado , Erik Talvitie , Michael Bowling

Deep reinforcement learning has generated superhuman AI in competitive games such as Go and StarCraft. Can similar learning techniques create a superior AI teammate for human-machine collaborative games? Will humans prefer AI teammates that…

In 2021 the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory held an internal challenge to develop artificially intelligent (AI) agents that could excel at the collaborative card game Hanabi. Agents were evaluated on their ability to…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2021-11-19 Nicholas Kantack

Deep reinforcement learning (deep RL) has achieved superior performance in complex sequential tasks by using deep neural networks as function approximators to learn directly from raw input images. However, learning directly from raw images…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-07-31 Gabriel V. de la Cruz , Yunshu Du , Matthew E. Taylor

We introduce two tactics to attack agents trained by deep reinforcement learning algorithms using adversarial examples, namely the strategically-timed attack and the enchanting attack. In the strategically-timed attack, the adversary aims…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-11-14 Yen-Chen Lin , Zhang-Wei Hong , Yuan-Hong Liao , Meng-Li Shih , Ming-Yu Liu , Min Sun

Recently, Model-Based Reinforcement Learning (MBRL) have achieved super-human level performance on the Atari100k benchmark on average. However, we discover that conventional aggregates mask a major problem, Performance Asymmetry: MBRL…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-25 Jing Yu Lim , Rushi Shah , Zarif Ikram , Samson Yu , Haozhe Ma , Tze-Yun Leong , Dianbo Liu

Most deep reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms distill experience into parametric behavior policies or value functions via gradient updates. While effective, this approach has several disadvantages: (1) it is computationally expensive,…

Real Time Strategy (RTS) games provide complex domain to test the latest artificial intelligence (AI) research. In much of the literature, AI systems have been limited to playing one game. Although, this specialization has resulted in…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2014-01-22 Roy Hayes , Peter Beling , William Scherer

Interactive fiction games have emerged as an important application to improve the generalization capabilities of language-based reinforcement learning (RL) agents. Existing environments for interactive fiction games are domain-specific or…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-06-11 Shreyas Basavatia , Keerthiram Murugesan , Shivam Ratnakar

This paper introduces Adversarial Resilience Learning (ARL), a concept to model, train, and analyze artificial neural networks as representations of competitive agents in highly complex systems. In our examples, the agents normally take the…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2018-11-16 Lars Fischer , Jan-Menno Memmen , Eric MSP Veith , Martin Tröschel

Saliency maps are frequently used to support explanations of the behavior of deep reinforcement learning (RL) agents. However, a review of how saliency maps are used in practice indicates that the derived explanations are often…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-02-24 Akanksha Atrey , Kaleigh Clary , David Jensen

Modern algorithms in the domain of Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) demonstrated remarkable successes; most widely known are those in game-based scenarios, from ATARI video games to Go and the StarCraft~\textsc{II} real-time strategy game.…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2020-05-29 Eric MSP Veith , Nils Wenninghoff , Emilie Frost

Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) represent a growing menace to modern digital infrastructure. Unlike traditional cyberattacks, APTs are stealthy, adaptive, and long-lasting, often bypassing signature-based detection systems. This paper…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-08-27 Sidahmed Benabderrahmane , Talal Rahwan