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This paper gives a summary of basic concepts of density-functional theory (DFT) and its use in state-of-the-art computations of complex processes in condensed matter physics and materials science. In particular we discuss how microscopic…

材料科学 · 物理学 2008-02-03 C. Ratsch , P. Ruggerone , M. Scheffler

Diffusion models have become a new generative paradigm for text generation. Considering the discrete categorical nature of text, in this paper, we propose GlyphDiffusion, a novel diffusion approach for text generation via text-guided image…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-05-09 Junyi Li , Wayne Xin Zhao , Jian-Yun Nie , Ji-Rong Wen

Spatial computing experiences are constrained by the real-world surroundings of the user. In such experiences, augmenting virtual objects to existing scenes require a contextual approach, where geometrical conflicts are avoided, and…

图形学 · 计算机科学 2020-10-01 Mohammad Keshavarzi , Aakash Parikh , Xiyu Zhai , Melody Mao , Luisa Caldas , Allen Y. Yang

Deep learning analyses have offered sensitivity leaps in detection of cognitive states from functional MRI (fMRI) measurements across the brain. Yet, as deep models perform hierarchical nonlinear transformations on their input, interpreting…

信号处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2023-07-20 Hasan Atakan Bedel , Tolga Çukur

Generative modelling paradigms based on denoising diffusion processes have emerged as a leading candidate for conditional sampling in inverse problems. In many real-world applications, we often have access to large, expensively trained…

In this work, we propose a novel framework to enable diffusion models to adapt their generation quality based on real-time network bandwidth constraints. Traditional diffusion models produce high-fidelity images by performing a fixed number…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-04-10 Xi Zhang , Hanwei Zhu , Yan Zhong , Jiamang Wang , Weisi Lin

We propose image-to-image diffusion models that are designed to enhance the realism and details of generated brain images by introducing sharp edges, fine textures, subtle anatomical features, and imaging noise. Generative models have been…

图像与视频处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-07-28 Shen Zhu , Yinzhu Jin , Tyler Spears , Ifrah Zawar , P. Thomas Fletcher

Nature is infinitely resolution-free. In the context of this reality, existing diffusion models, such as Diffusion Transformers, often face challenges when processing image resolutions outside of their trained domain. To overcome this…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-10-16 Zeyu Lu , Zidong Wang , Di Huang , Chengyue Wu , Xihui Liu , Wanli Ouyang , Lei Bai

Diffusion-weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging (dMRI) is increasingly used to study the fetal brain in utero. An important computation enabled by dMRI is streamline tractography, which has unique applications such as tract-specific analysis…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-03-06 Camilo Calixto , Camilo Jaimes , Matheus D. Soldatelli , Simon K. Warfield , Ali Gholipour , Davood Karimi

Diffusion models have achieved impressive results in generating high-quality images. Yet, they often struggle to faithfully align the generated images with the input prompts. This limitation is associated with synchronous denoising, where…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-02-27 Zijing Hu , Yunze Tong , Fengda Zhang , Junkun Yuan , Jun Xiao , Kun Kuang

Synthetic neuroimaging data can mitigate critical limitations of real-world datasets, including the scarcity of rare phenotypes, domain shifts across scanners, and insufficient longitudinal coverage. However, existing generative models…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-01-28 Fabian Bongratz , Yitong Li , Sama Elbaroudy , Christian Wachinger

Neuronal circuits arise as axons and dendrites extend, navigate, and connect to target cells. Axonal growth, in particular, integrates deterministic guidance from substrate mechanics and geometry with stochastic fluctuations generated by…

生物物理 · 物理学 2025-10-10 Cristian Staii

We study mathematical and computational models for computing the deformation of fiber-reinforced cross-plied laminates due to external forces. This requires an understanding of both micro-structural effects and different sources of…

数值分析 · 数学 2016-04-20 Ivo Babuska , Mohammad Motamed

Recent advances in geometric deep learning and generative modeling have enabled the design of novel proteins with a wide range of desired properties. However, current state-of-the-art approaches are typically restricted to generating…

生物大分子 · 定量生物学 2025-08-26 Vsevolod Viliuga , Leif Seute , Nicolas Wolf , Simon Wagner , Arne Elofsson , Jan Stühmer , Frauke Gräter

Our work presents a novel spectrum-inspired learning-based approach for generating clothing deformations with dynamic effects and personalized details. Existing methods in the field of clothing animation are limited to either static…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-08-08 Tianxing Li , Rui Shi , Qing Zhu , Takashi Kanai

Performing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) reconstruction from under-sampled k-space data can accelerate the procedure to acquire MRI scans and reduce patients' discomfort. The reconstruction problem is usually formulated as a denoising…

图像与视频处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2023-12-11 Tianqi Xiang , Wenjun Yue , Yiqun Lin , Jiewen Yang , Zhenkun Wang , Xiaomeng Li

Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images are problematic in clinical medicine because of their low contrast and high artifact content compared with conventional CT images. Although there are some studies to improve image quality, in…

图像与视频处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2026-03-30 Naruki Murahashi , Mitsuhiro Nakamura , Megumi Nakao

By optimizing the rate-distortion-realism trade-off, generative image compression approaches produce detailed, realistic images instead of the only sharp-looking reconstructions produced by rate-distortion-optimized models. In this paper,…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-03-17 Lingyu Zhu , Xiangrui Zeng , Bolin Chen , Peilin Chen , Yung-Hui Li , Shiqi Wang

Accelerated MRI reconstructs images of clinical anatomies from sparsely sampled signal data to reduce patient scan times. While recent works have leveraged deep learning to accomplish this task, such approaches have often only been explored…

图像与视频处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2022-12-01 Michael S. Yao , Michael S. Hansen

Summary: Errors in gradient trajectories introduce significant artifacts and distortions in magnetic resonance images, particularly in non-Cartesian imaging sequences, where imperfect gradient waveforms can greatly reduce image quality.…

医学物理 · 物理学 2025-06-19 Jonathan B. Martin , Hannah E. Alderson , John C. Gore , Mark D. Does , Kevin D. Harkins