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Most existing deep learning models are trained based on the closed-world assumption, where the test data is assumed to be drawn i.i.d. from the same distribution as the training data, known as in-distribution (ID). However, when models are…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-11-09 Yixin Liu , Kaize Ding , Huan Liu , Shirui Pan

Out-of-distribution detection (OOD) is a pivotal task for real-world applications that trains models to identify samples that are distributionally different from the in-distribution (ID) data during testing. Recent advances in AI,…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-05-06 Chaohua Li , Enhao Zhang , Chuanxing Geng , Songcan Chen

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection aims to detect test samples that do not fall into any training in-distribution (ID) classes. Prior efforts focus on regularizing models with ID data only, largely underperforming counterparts that utilize…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-20 Puning Yang , Jian Liang , Jie Cao , Ran He

Methods for out-of-distribution (OOD) detection that scale to 3D data are crucial components of any real-world clinical deep learning system. Classic denoising diffusion probabilistic models (DDPMs) have been recently proposed as a robust…

Density-based Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection has recently been shown unreliable for the task of detecting OOD images. Various density ratio based approaches achieve good empirical performance, however methods typically lack a…

机器学习 · 统计学 2022-06-09 Mingtian Zhang , Andi Zhang , Tim Z. Xiao , Yitong Sun , Steven McDonagh

Most classification and segmentation datasets assume a closed-world scenario in which predictions are expressed as distribution over a predetermined set of visual classes. However, such assumption implies unavoidable and often unnoticeable…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2018-10-02 Petra Bevandić , Ivan Krešo , Marin Oršić , Siniša Šegvić

When testing data and training data come from different distributions, deep neural networks (DNNs) will face significant safety risks in practical applications. Therefore, out-of-distribution (OOD) detection techniques, which can identify…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-01 Cheng Yang , Yu Hao , Qi Zhang , Chuan Shi

Methods which utilize the outputs or feature representations of predictive models have emerged as promising approaches for out-of-distribution (OOD) detection of image inputs. However, these methods struggle to detect OOD inputs that share…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-02-09 Lily H. Zhang , Rajesh Ranganath

Out-of-Distribution (OOD) detection is an important problem in natural language processing (NLP). In this work, we propose a simple yet effective framework $k$Folden, which mimics the behaviors of OOD detection during training without the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-11-09 Xiaoya Li , Jiwei Li , Xiaofei Sun , Chun Fan , Tianwei Zhang , Fei Wu , Yuxian Meng , Jun Zhang

Multimodal fusion, leveraging data like vision and language, is rapidly gaining traction. This enriched data representation improves performance across various tasks. Existing methods for out-of-distribution (OOD) detection, a critical area…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-08-29 Jinglun Li , Xinyu Zhou , Kaixun Jiang , Lingyi Hong , Pinxue Guo , Zhaoyu Chen , Weifeng Ge , Wenqiang Zhang

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are state-of-the-art models for performing prediction tasks on graphs. While existing GNNs have shown great performance on various tasks related to graphs, little attention has been paid to the scenario where…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-08-15 Yu Song , Donglin Wang

During the forward pass of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs), inputs gradually transformed from low-level features to high-level conceptual labels. While features at different layers could summarize the important factors of the inputs at varying…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-03-02 Haoliang Wang , Chen Zhao , Xujiang Zhao , Feng Chen

This paper presents a novel evaluation framework for Out-of-Distribution (OOD) detection that aims to assess the performance of machine learning models in more realistic settings. We observed that the real-world requirements for testing OOD…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-09-01 Vahid Reza Khazaie , Anthony Wong , Mohammad Sabokrou

Neural networks (NNs) are widely used for object classification in autonomous driving. However, NNs can fail on input data not well represented by the training dataset, known as out-of-distribution (OOD) data. A mechanism to detect OOD…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2021-09-07 Julia Nitsch , Masha Itkina , Ransalu Senanayake , Juan Nieto , Max Schmidt , Roland Siegwart , Mykel J. Kochenderfer , Cesar Cadena

Deep Learning (DL) models tend to perform poorly when the data comes from a distribution different from the training one. In critical applications such as medical imaging, out-of-distribution (OOD) detection helps to identify such data…

图像与视频处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2023-06-26 Daria Frolova , Anton Vasiliuk , Mikhail Belyaev , Boris Shirokikh

Recent advances on Out-of-Distribution (OoD) generalization reveal the robustness of deep learning models against distribution shifts. However, existing works focus on OoD algorithms, such as invariant risk minimization, domain…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-09-07 Haoyue Bai , Fengwei Zhou , Lanqing Hong , Nanyang Ye , S. -H. Gary Chan , Zhenguo Li

The proper handling of out-of-distribution (OOD) samples in deep classifiers is a critical concern for ensuring the suitability of deep neural networks in safety-critical systems. Existing approaches developed for robust OOD detection in…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-06-18 Nasrin Alipour , Seyyed Ali SeyyedSalehi

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection aims to discern outliers from the intended data distribution, which is crucial to maintaining high reliability and a good user experience. Most recent studies in OOD detection utilize the information from…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-10-21 Hyunsoo Cho , Choonghyun Park , Jaewook Kang , Kang Min Yoo , Taeuk Kim , Sang-goo Lee

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have the potential to power many biomedical workflows, but training them on truly representative, IID datasets is often infeasible. Most models instead rely on biased or incomplete data, making them prone to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-16 Yasith Jayawardana , Dineth Jayakody , Sampath Jayarathna , Dushan N. Wadduwage

Detecting out-of-distribution (OOD) inputs is critical for safely deploying deep learning models in the real world. Existing approaches for detecting OOD examples work well when evaluated on benign in-distribution and OOD samples. However,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-12-10 Jiefeng Chen , Yixuan Li , Xi Wu , Yingyu Liang , Somesh Jha