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Knowledge Base, represents facts about the world, often in some form of subsumption ontology, rather than implicitly, embedded in procedural code, the way a conventional computer program does. While there is a rapid growth in knowledge…

Large-scale pre-trained language models (PLMs) such as BERT have recently achieved great success and become a milestone in natural language processing (NLP). It is now the consensus of the NLP community to adopt PLMs as the backbone for…

Pretraining deep language models has led to large performance gains in NLP. Despite this success, Schick and Sch\"utze (2020) recently showed that these models struggle to understand rare words. For static word embeddings, this problem has…

Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) reach state-of-the-art results in a variety of Natural Language Processing tasks. However, understanding of their internal functioning is still insufficient and unsatisfactory.…

Pre-trained contextualized embedding models such as BERT are a standard building block in many natural language processing systems. We demonstrate that the sentence-level representations produced by some off-the-shelf contextualized…

The Transformer architecture and transfer learning have marked a quantum leap in natural language processing, improving the state of the art across a range of text-based tasks. This paper examines how these advancements can be applied to…

Recent advancements in the NLP field showed that transfer learning helps with achieving state-of-the-art results for new tasks by tuning pre-trained models instead of starting from scratch. Transformers have made a significant improvement…

Knowledge graphs are important resources for many artificial intelligence tasks but often suffer from incompleteness. In this work, we propose to use pre-trained language models for knowledge graph completion. We treat triples in knowledge…

Enhancing machine capabilities to answer questions has been a topic of considerable focus in recent years of NLP research. Language models like Embeddings from Language Models (ELMo)[1] and Bidirectional Encoder Representations from…

The most approaches to Knowledge Base Question Answering are based on semantic parsing. In this paper, we address the problem of learning vector representations for complex semantic parses that consist of multiple entities and relations.…

Transformer architectures show significant promise for natural language processing. Given that a single pretrained model can be fine-tuned to perform well on many different tasks, these networks appear to extract generally useful linguistic…

The recent trend in industry-setting Natural Language Processing (NLP) research has been to operate large %scale pretrained language models like BERT under strict computational limits. While most model compression work has focused on…

We investigate the capability of a transformer pretrained on natural language to generalize to other modalities with minimal finetuning -- in particular, without finetuning of the self-attention and feedforward layers of the residual…

Pre-trained transformer models shine in many natural language processing tasks and therefore are expected to bear the representation of the input sentence or text meaning. These sentence-level embeddings are also important in…

Conversational search is an emerging topic in the information retrieval community. One of the major challenges to multi-turn conversational search is to model the conversation history to answer the current question. Existing methods either…

BERT, which stands for Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers, is a recently introduced language representation model based upon the transfer learning paradigm. We extend its fine-tuning procedure to address one of its…

Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) represents the latest incarnation of pretrained language models which have recently advanced a wide range of natural language processing tasks. In this paper, we showcase how…

The wide applicability of pretrained transformer models (PTMs) for natural language tasks is well demonstrated, but their ability to comprehend short phrases of text is less explored. To this end, we evaluate different PTMs from the lens of…

Transformer-based pre-trained language models have significantly improved the performance of various natural language processing (NLP) tasks in the recent years. While effective and prevalent, these models are usually prohibitively large…

In Natural Language Processing (NLP), Machine Reading Comprehension (MRC) is the task of answering a question based on a given context. To handle questions in the medical domain, modern language models such as BioBERT, SciBERT and even…