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A smart contract is a digital program of transaction protocol (rules of contract) based on the consensus architecture of blockchain. Smart contracts with Blockchain are modern technologies that have gained enormous attention in scientific…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2023-02-17 Norah M. Alshahrani , M. L. Mat Kiah , B. B. Zaidan , A. H. Alamoodi , Abdu Saif

Blockchains are modern distributed systems that provide decentralized financial capabilities with trustable guarantees. Smart contracts are programs written in specialized programming languages running on a blockchain and govern how tokens…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2022-07-11 Margarita Capretto , Martin Ceresa , Cesar Sanchez

Although almost all information about Smart Contract addresses is shared via websites, emails, or other forms of digital communication, Blockchains and distributed ledger technology are unable to establish secure bindings between websites…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2020-04-30 Ulrich Gallersdörfer , Florian Matthes

The emergence of blockchain technology has revolutionized contract execution through the introduction of smart contracts. Ethereum, the leading blockchain platform, leverages smart contracts to power decentralized applications (DApps),…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-10-23 Tahrim Hossain , Sakib Hassan , Faisal Haque Bappy , Muhammad Nur Yanhaona , Tarannum Shaila Zaman , Tariqul Islam

Blockchain smart contracts have emerged as a transformative force in the digital realm, spawning a diverse range of compelling applications. Since solidity smart contracts across various domains manage trillions of dollars in virtual coins,…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2024-12-12 Zhiyuan Wei , Xianhao Zhang , Jing Sun , Zijian Zhang , Liehuang Zhu

Context: Smart contract vulnerabilities pose significant security risks for the Ethereum ecosystem, driving the development of automated tools for detection and mitigation. Smart contracts are written in Solidity, a programming language…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-04-09 Gerardo Iuliano , Davide Corradini , Michele Pasqua , Mariano Ceccato , Dario Di Nucci

Ethereum Smart Contracts based on Blockchain Technology (BT)enables monetary transactions among peers on a blockchain network independent of a central authorizing agency. Ethereum smart contracts are programs that are deployed as…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2021-05-17 Noama Fatima Samreen , Manar H. Alalfi

Since the discovery of Spectre, a large number of hardware mechanisms for secure speculation has been proposed. Intuitively, more defensive mechanisms are less efficient but can securely execute a larger class of programs, while more…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2020-10-02 Marco Guarnieri , Boris Köpf , Jan Reineke , Pepe Vila

The adoption of blockchain-based distributed computation platforms is growing fast. Some of these platforms, such as Ethereum, provide support for implementing smart contracts, which are envisioned to have novel applications in a broad…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2017-11-28 Anastasia Mavridou , Aron Laszka

We propose a formal approach for specifying and implementing decentralised coordination in distributed systems, with a focus on smart contracts. Our model captures dynamic roles, data-driven transitions, and external coordination…

编程语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-23 Elvis Konjoh Selabi , Maurizio Murgia , António Ravara , Emilio Tuosto

Blockchain is a distributed ledger technology that gained popularity for enabling the transformation of cryptocurrency among peers without mediation by a centralized third-party authority. Smart contracts expand the applications of…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-10-09 Majd Soud , Gísli Hjálmtýsson , Mohammad Hamdaqa

Blockchain-based platforms are emerging as a transformative technology that can provide reliability, integrity, and auditability without trusted entities. One of the key features of these platforms is the trustworthy decentralized execution…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2020-01-20 Afiya Ayman , Shanto Roy , Amin Alipour , Aron Laszka

As the Ethereum platform continues to mature and gain widespread usage, it is crucial to maintain high standards of smart contract writing practices. While bad practices in smart contracts may not directly lead to security issues, they…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Xiaoqi Li , Zongwei Li , Wenkai Li , Yuqing Zhang , Xin Wang

Smart contracts on blockchains are prone to diverse security vulnerabilities that can lead to significant financial losses due to their immutable nature. Existing detection approaches often lack flexibility across vulnerability types and…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-06 Xing Zhang , Keyu Zhang , Taohong Zhu , Anbang Ruan

A smart contract that is deployed to a blockchain system like Ethereum is, under reasonable circumstances, expected to be immutable and tamper-proof. This is both a feature (promoting integrity and transparency) and a bug (preventing…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2022-06-03 Mehdi Salehi , Jeremy Clark , Mohammad Mannan

Smart contracts play a significant role in automating blockchain services. Nevertheless, vulnerabilities in smart contracts pose serious threats to blockchain security. Currently, traditional detection methods primarily rely on static…

This chapter contributes to evolving the versatility and complexity of blockchain-enabled services through extending the functionality of blockchain-enforced smart contracts. The contributions include: (i) a method for automated management…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2018-06-29 Craig Wright , Antoaneta Serguieva

As a blockchain platform that has developed vigorously in recent years, Ethereum is different from Bitcoin in that it introduces smart contracts into blockchain.Solidity is one of the most mature and widely used smart contract programming…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2019-11-25 Pengcheng Zhang , Feng Xiao , Xiapu Luo

Smart contracts (SC) are software codes which reside and run over a blockchain. The code can be written in different languages with the common purpose of implementing various kinds of transactions onto the hosting blockchain, They are ruled…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2018-02-08 Roberto Tonelli , Giuseppe Destefanis , Michele Marchesi , Marco Ortu

In this work, we provide a comprehensive survey of smart contract upgradability patterns using proxies. A primary characteristic of smart contracts on the Ethereum blockchain is that they are immutable once implemented, no changes can be…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-04-10 Sajad Meisami , William Edward Bodell