相关论文: Schwarzschild modeling of barred galaxies

Barred structures are important in understanding galaxy evolution, but they were not included explicitly in most dynamical models for nearby galaxies due to their complicated morphological and kinematic properties. We modify the triaxial…

We present Forstand, a new code for constructing dynamical models of galaxies with the Schwarzschild orbit-superposition method. These models are constrained by line-of-sight kinematic observations and applicable to galaxies of all…

We describe an improved, practical method for constructing galaxy models that match an arbitrary set of observational constraints, without prior assumptions about the phase-space distribution function (DF). Our method is an extension of…

Schwarzschild's orbit-superposition technique is the most developed and well-tested method available for constraining the detailed mass distributions of equilibrium stellar systems. Here I provide a very short overview of the method and its…

We review the methods used to study the orbital structure and chaotic properties of various galactic models and to construct self-consistent equilibrium solutions by Schwarzschild's orbit superposition technique. These methods are…

We present an implementation of the Schwarzschild orbit superposition method which can be used for constructing self-consistent equilibrium models of barred or non-barred disc galaxies, or of elliptical galaxies with figure rotation. This…

We evaluate the capabilities of Schwarzschild's orbit-superposition method by applying it to galaxies from the large scale, high resolution Illustris simulation. Nine early-type galaxies with a range of triaxiality are selected, and we…

We apply the barred Schwarzschild method developed by Tahmasebzadeh et al. (2022) to a barred S0 galaxy, NGC 4371, observed by IFU instruments from the TIMER and ATLAS3D projects. We construct the gravitational potential by combining a…

This article describes the Schwarzschild orbit superposition method. It is the state-of-the-art dynamical modelling tool for early-type galaxies. Tests with analytic models show that masses and orbital anisotropies of not too face-on…

We use Schwarzschild's orbit superposition method to build self-consistent models of elliptical galaxies with scale-free potentials. Our exhaustive study of all physical shapes and central densities for galaxies with scale-free potentials…

We present a new study concerning the application of the Schwarzschild orbit superposition method to model spherical galaxies. The method aims to recover the mass and the orbit anisotropy parameter profiles of the objects using measurements…

The observations of external galaxies are projected to the 2D sky plane. Reconstructing the 3D intrinsic density distribution of a galaxy from the 2D image is challenging, especially for barred galaxies, but is a critical step for…

Tremendous progress has been made recently in modelling the morphology and kinematics of centers of galaxies. Increasingly realistic models are built for central bar, bulge, nucleus and black hole of galaxies, including our own. The newly…

We use Schwarzschild's orbit-superposition technique to construct self-consistent models of the Galactic bar. Using $\chi^2$ minimisation, we find that the best-fit Galactic bar model has a pattern speed $\Omega_{\rm p}=60 \rm{km s^{-1}…

Dwarf spheroidal (dSph) galaxies are believed to be strongly dark matter dominated and thus are considered perfect objects to study dark matter distribution and test theories of structure formation. They possess resolved, multiple stellar…

We present a flexible and efficient method to construct triaxial dynamical models of galaxies with a central black hole, using Schwarzschild's orbital superposition approach. Our method is general and can deal with realistic luminosity…

We present a detailed analysis of the behavior of the triaxial Schwarzschild orbit superposition method near the axisymmetric limit. Orbit superposition modeling is the primary method used to determine dynamical masses of supermassive black…

We construct axisymmetric and triaxial galaxy models with a phase-space distribution function that depends on linear combinations of the three exact integrals of motion for a separable potential. These Abel models, first introduced by…

Evidence for the majority of the supermassive black holes in the local universe has been obtained dynamically from stellar motions with the Schwarzschild orbit superposition method. However, there have been only a handful of studies using…

(ABRIDGED) We present a new Schwarzschild orbit-superposition code designed to model discrete datasets composed of velocities of individual kinematic tracers in a dynamical system. This constitutes an extension of previous implementations…