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Strong gravitational lenses come in many forms, but are typically divided into two populations: galaxies, and groups and clusters of galaxies. The largest objects in the Universe (i.e. galaxy clusters) are highly irregular and composed of…

In this paper we study the combined effects of size and shape of small solid state particles on the absorption, emission and scattering characteristics. We use the statistical approach to calculate these optical properties. In this approach…

Structured light harnessing multiple degrees of freedom has become a powerful approach to use complex states of light in fundamental studies and applications. Here, we investigate the light field of an ultrafast laser beam with a…

We report on the creation of new lasing modes with spatially nonuniform distributions of optical gain in a one-dimensional random structure. It is demonstrated numerically that even without gain saturation and mode competition, the spatial…

Open cellular solids usually possess random microstructures that may contain a characteristic length scale, such as the cell size. This gives rise to size dependent mechanical properties where large systems behave differently from small…

The influence of surface constraints on the self-assembly of liquid droplets is investigated. A semi-quantitative explanation for large scale pattern formation consisting of small scale closely arranged droplets inside the large scale…

We present an experimental method for the generation of amplitude squeezed high-order vector beams. The light is modified twice by a spatial light modulator such that the vector beam is created by means of a collinear interferometric…

Recently, novel imaging techniques based on the 'memory-effect' speckle-correlations have enabled diffraction-limited imaging through scattering layers and around corners. These techniques, however, are currently limited to imaging only…

An analytical approach describing properties of focused partially coherent X-ray beams is presented. The method is based on the results of statistical optics and gives both the beam size and transverse coherence length at any distance…

We consider the scattering of the gravitational waves by the weak gravitational fields of lens objects. We obtain the scattered gravitational waveform by treating the gravitational potential of the lens to first order, i.e. using the Born…

By employing x-Bohm theory and p-Bohm theory, we construct the position and momentum trajectories of single-mode and superposed-mode Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) beams. The dependence of divergence velocity and rotation velocity on the initial…

A new technique based on superposition of two speckle patterns is proposed and demonstrated for controlled modulation of the spatial polarization distribution of the resultant speckle. It is demonstrated both theoretically and…

We discuss the ratio of the angular diameter distances from the source to the lens, $D_{ds}$, and to the observer at present, $D_{s}$, for various dark energy models. It is well known that the difference of $D_s$s between the models is…

The Lorenz-Mie scattering of a wide class of focused electromagnetic fields off spherical particles is studied. The focused fields in question are constructed through complex focal displacements, leading to closed-form expressions that can…

In this letter, we exploit the polarization property of light to investigate the Angstroem exponent describing the wavelength dependence of optical backscatter between two wavelengths. Where previous interpretation of Angstroem exponent was…

We investigate the correlation between the bulge effective radius (r_e) and disk scale length (r_d), in the near-infrared K band for lenticular galaxies in the field and in clusters. We find markedly different relations between the two…

The angular emission pattern of a random laser is typically very irregular and difficult to tune. Here we show by detailed numerical calculations that one can overcome the lack of control over this emission pattern by actively shaping the…

In this paper we demonstrate that the weak temperature dependence of structure factor of supercooled liquids, a defining feature of the glass transition, is a consequence of the averaging of the scattering intensity either due to the use of…

Lensing in the context of rich clusters is normally quantified from small image distortions, yielding a relative mass distribution in the limit of weak lensing. Here we show the magnification effect of lensing can also be mapped over a…

A large distance propagation in turbulent atmosphere results in disintegration of laser beam into speckles. We find that the most intense speckle approximately preserves both the Gaussian shape and the diameter of the initial collimated…