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One of the core assumptions in causal discovery is the faithfulness assumption, i.e., assuming that independencies found in the data are due to separations in the true causal graph. This assumption can, however, be violated in many ways,…

机器学习 · 统计学 2022-08-31 Alexander Marx , Arthur Gretton , Joris M. Mooij

Many of the causal discovery methods rely on the faithfulness assumption to guarantee asymptotic correctness. However, the assumption can be approximately violated in many ways, leading to sub-optimal solutions. Although there is a line of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-01-19 Ignavier Ng , Yujia Zheng , Jiji Zhang , Kun Zhang

Neural causal discovery methods have recently improved in terms of scalability and computational efficiency. However, our systematic evaluation highlights significant room for improvement in their accuracy when uncovering causal structures.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-25 Mateusz Olko , Mateusz Gajewski , Joanna Wojciechowska , Mikołaj Morzy , Piotr Sankowski , Piotr Miłoś

The goal of Causal Discovery is to find automated search methods for learning causal structures from observational data. In some cases all variables of the interested causal mechanism are measured, and the task is to predict the effects one…

机器学习 · 统计学 2024-01-11 Shuyan Wang

Discovering causal relationships from observational data is a challenging task that relies on assumptions connecting statistical quantities to graphical or algebraic causal models. In this work, we focus on widely employed assumptions for…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2024-03-20 Jonas Wahl , Urmi Ninad , Jakob Runge

Much of the causal discovery literature prioritises guaranteeing the identifiability of causal direction in statistical models. For structures within a Markov equivalence class, this requires strong assumptions which may not hold in…

机器学习 · 统计学 2024-05-29 Anish Dhir , Samuel Power , Mark van der Wilk

Built upon the concept of causal faithfulness, the so-called causal discovery algorithms propose the breakdown of mutual information (MI) and conditional mutual information (CMI) into sets of variables to reveal causal influences. These…

统计力学 · 物理学 2022-08-09 Tiago Martinelli , Diogo O. Soares-Pinto , Francisco A. Rodrigues

The causal discovery of Bayesian networks is an active and important research area, and it is based upon searching the space of causal models for those which can best explain a pattern of probabilistic dependencies shown in the data.…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2016-07-25 Xuhui Zhang , Kevin B. Korb , Ann E. Nicholson , Steven Mascaro

A fundamental question in causal inference is whether it is possible to reliably infer manipulation effects from observational data. There are a variety of senses of asymptotic reliability in the statistical literature, among which the most…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2012-12-12 Jiji Zhang , Peter L. Spirtes

We focus on causal discovery in the presence of measurement error in linear systems where the mixing matrix, i.e., the matrix indicating the independent exogenous noise terms pertaining to the observed variables, is identified up to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-11-09 Yuqin Yang , AmirEmad Ghassami , Mohamed Nafea , Negar Kiyavash , Kun Zhang , Ilya Shpitser

Causal discovery aims to learn causal relationships between variables from targeted data, making it a fundamental task in machine learning. However, causal discovery algorithms often rely on unverifiable causal assumptions, which are…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-15 Huiyang Yi , Yanyan He , Duxin Chen , Mingyu Kang , He Wang , Wenwu Yu

We formalize constraint-based structure learning of the "true" causal graph from observed data when unobserved variables are also existent. We provide conditions for a "natural" family of constraint-based structure-learning algorithms that…

统计理论 · 数学 2022-05-10 Kayvan Sadeghi , Terry Soo

Attention mechanisms are dominating the explainability of deep models. They produce probability distributions over the input, which are widely deemed as feature-importance indicators. However, in this paper, we find one critical limitation…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-07-06 Yibing Liu , Haoliang Li , Yangyang Guo , Chenqi Kong , Jing Li , Shiqi Wang

Causal effect estimation from observational data is an important and much studied research topic. The instrumental variable (IV) and local causal discovery (LCD) patterns are canonical examples of settings where a closed-form expression…

机器学习 · 统计学 2018-09-19 Ioan Gabriel Bucur , Tom Claassen , Tom Heskes

Most causal inference algorithms in the literature (e.g., Pearl (2000), Spirtes et al. (2000), Heckerman et al. (1999)) exploit an assumption usually referred to as the causal Faithfulness or Stability condition. In this paper, we highlight…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2012-07-02 Joseph Ramsey , Jiji Zhang , Peter L. Spirtes

Causal discovery amounts to unearthing causal relationships amongst features in data. It is a crucial companion to causal inference, necessary to build scientific knowledge without resorting to expensive or impossible randomised control…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-08-06 Fabrizio Russo , Anna Rapberger , Francesca Toni

A decision-maker must consider cofounding bias when attempting to apply machine learning prediction, and, while feature selection is widely recognized as important process in data-analysis, it could cause cofounding bias. A causal Bayesian…

机器学习 · 统计学 2020-03-02 Akihiro Yabe

When domain knowledge is limited and experimentation is restricted by ethical, financial, or time constraints, practitioners turn to observational causal discovery methods to recover the causal structure, exploiting the statistical…

Causal discovery can be a powerful tool for investigating causality when a system can be observed but is inaccessible to experiments in practice. Despite this, it is rarely used in any scientific or medical fields. One of the major hurdles…

机器学习 · 统计学 2019-10-07 Erich Kummerfeld , Alexander Rix

Causal inference methods based on conditional independence construct Markov equivalent graphs, and cannot be applied to bivariate cases. The approaches based on independence of cause and mechanism state, on the contrary, that causal…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-08-04 Nataliya Sokolovska , Pierre-Henri Wuillemin
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