相关论文: Moments of the anisotropic regularized $\kappa$-di…
For various plasma applications the so-called (non-relativistic) $\kappa$-distribution is widely used to reproduce and interpret the suprathermal particle populations exhibiting a power-law distribution in velocity or energy. Despite its…
From the perspective of non-equilibrium statistical mechanics, modeling the velocity distribution of particles in non-equilibrium, steady-state plasmas presents a significant challenge. Under this context, a family of kappa distributions…
The standard (non-relativistic) $\kappa$-distribution is widely used to fit data and to describe macroscopic thermodynamical behavior, e.g.\ the pressure (temperature) as the second moment of the distribution function. By contrast to a…
In the literature different so-called $\kappa$-distribution functions are discussed to fit and model the velocity (or energy) distributions of solar wind species, pickup ions or magnetospheric particles. Here we introduce a generalized…
Kappa-distributed velocities in plasmas are common in a wide variety of settings, from low-density to high-density plasmas. To date, they have been found mainly in space plasmas, but are recently being considered also in the modelling of…
Kappa distributions are ubiquitous in space and astrophysical poorly collisional plasmas, such as the solar wind, suggesting that microscopic and macroscopic properties of these non-equilibrium plasmas are highly conditioned by the…
Observations in space plasmas reveal particle velocity distributions out of thermal equilibrium, with anisotropies (e.g., parallel drifts or/and different temperatures, $T_\parallel$ - parallel and $T_\perp$ - perpendicular, with respect to…
The kappa distribution of velocities appears routinely in the study of collisionless plasmas present in Earth's magnetosphere, the solar wind among other contexts where particles are unable to reach thermal equilibrium. Originally justified…
Space plasmas are collisionpoor and kinetic effects prevail leading to wave fluctuations, which transfer the energy to small scales: wave-particle interactions replace collisions and enhance dispersive effects heating particles and…
We develop the theoretical basis for the connection of the variety of anisotropic distributions with the statistical correlations among particles velocity components. By examining the most common anisotropic distribution, we derive the…
This paper studies sufficient conditions for deriving the kappa distribution in polytropic plasmas by an improved method compared with the previous work [R. Guo, Phys. Plasmas \textbf{27}, 122104 (2020)]. We find that the polytropic…
In classical thermodynamics the entropy is an extensive quantity, i.e.\ the sum of the entropies of two subsystems in equilibrium with each other is equal to the entropy of the full system consisting of the two subsystems. The extensitivity…
A non-relativistic Fokker-Planck equation for the electron distribution function is formulated incorporating the effects of stochastic acceleration by whistler-mode waves and Coulomb collisions. The stationary solution $f$ to the equation,…
Space plasmas are known to be out of (local) thermodynamic equilibrium, as observations show direct or indirect evidences of non-thermal velocity distributions of plasma particles. Prominent are the anisotropies relative to the magnetic…
Velocity distribution functions (VDFs) that exhibit a power-law dependence on the high-energy tail have been the subject of intense research by the plasma physics community. Such functions, known as kappa or superthermal distributions, have…
The departure of particle distributions from the Maxwellian is commonly observed in space plasmas. These non-Maxwellian distributions which are typical for plasmas that are not in thermal equilibrium, can be modeled with…
Under the presence of strong electromagnetic fields and radiation reaction, plasmas develop anisotropic momentum distributions, characterized by a population inversion. This is a general property of collisionless plasmas when the radiation…
In this paper, we prove that the kappa distribution is the stationary solution of the Vlasov-Poisson system in an inhomogeneous plasma under the polytropic equation of state and an assumption restricting the local velocity distribution to a…
The dispersion and damping of ion-acoustic waves in the plasma with a regularized kappa-distribution are studied. The generalized dispersion relation and damping rate are derived, which both depend significantly on the parameters alpha and…
We demonstrate that a nonthermal distribution of particles described by a kappa distribution can be accurately approximated by a weighted sum of Maxwell-Boltzmann distributions. We apply this method to modeling collision processes in…