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Chiral photonics opens new pathways to manipulate light-matter interactions and tailor the optical response of meta-surfaces and -materials by nanostructuring nontrivial patterns. Chirality of matter, such as that of molecules, and light,…

We probe the natural complex structures in the transparent insect wings by a simple, non-invasive, real time optical technique using both monochromatic and broadband femtosecond lasers. A stable, reproducible and novel diffraction pattern…

A better understanding of the optical properties of a device structure characterized by a random arrangement of materials with different dielectric properties at a length scale comparable to the wavelength of light is crucial for the…

The birdwings butterfly Troides magellanus possesses interesting properties for light and thermal radiation management. The black wings of the male exhibit strong (98%) absorption of visible light as well as two strong absorption peaks in…

The structure of the cuticle of arthropods consists of layers of microfilamentary chitin particles. The layers are stacked one on top of the other realizing a helical (Bouligand helix) pattern. This structure generates optical phenomena…

Crack-templated networks, metallic frameworks fabricated from crack patterns in sacrificial thin films, can exhibit high optical transmittance, high electric conductivity, and a host of other properties attractive for applications. Despite…

Reinforced elastic sheets surround us in daily life, from concrete shell buildings to biological structures such as the arthropod exoskeleton or the venation network of dicotyledonous plant leaves. Natural structures are often highly…

We propose a novel Retinex image-decomposition network that can be trained in a self-supervised manner. The Retinex image-decomposition aims to decompose an image into illumination-invariant and illumination-variant components, referred to…

Supersymmetric (SUSY) optical structures display a number of intriguing properties that can lead to a variety of potential applications, ranging from perfect global phase matching to highly efficient mode conversion and novel multiplexing…

Topological properties of photonic structures described by Hamiltonian matrices have been extensively studied in recent years. Photonic systems are often open systems, and their coupling with the environment is characterized by scattering…

An emerging and promising vision of wireless networks consists of coating the environmental objects with reconfigurable metasurfaces that are capable of modifying the radio waves impinging upon them according to the generalized law of…

A common problem of light sources emitting from an homogeneous high-refractive index medium into air is the loss of photons by total internal reflection. Bioluminescent organisms, as well as artificial devices, have to face this problem. It…

Deep residual networks were shown to be able to scale up to thousands of layers and still have improving performance. However, each fraction of a percent of improved accuracy costs nearly doubling the number of layers, and so training very…

The resource constraints and accuracy requirements for Internet of Things (IoT) memory chips need three-dimensional (3D) monolithic integrated circuits, of which the increasing stack layers (currently more than 176) also cause excessive…

Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) are an emerging field of research in wireless communications. A fundamental component for analyzing and optimizing RIS-empowered wireless networks is the development of simple but sufficiently…

Multiple optical scattering occurs when light propagates in a non-uniform medium. During the multiple scattering, images were distorted and the spatial information they carried became scrambled. However, the image information is not lost…

Reliable connectivity in millimeter-wave (mmWave) and sub-terahertz (sub-THz) networks depends on reflections from surrounding surfaces, as high-frequency signals are highly vulnerable to blockage. The scattering behavior of a surface is…

A transfer-matrix algorithm is presented herein as a beginning to study the transmission characteristics of coherent light through three-dimensional periodic microstructures, in which the structures are treated as two-dimensional-layer…

Camouflaged objects are typically assimilated into their backgrounds and exhibit fuzzy boundaries. The complex environmental conditions and the high intrinsic similarity between camouflaged targets and their surroundings pose significant…

Many promising approaches for designing interactions of synthetic materials with light involve solid optical monocrystals and nanofabricated photonic crystal structures with spatially periodic variations of refractive index. Although their…