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Despite achieving excellent performance on benchmarks, deep neural networks often underperform in real-world deployment due to sensitivity to minor, often imperceptible shifts in input data, known as distributional shifts. These shifts are…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-25 Birk Torpmann-Hagen , Pål Halvorsen , Michael A. Riegler , Dag Johansen

Virtual assistants (VAs) have seen increased use in recent years due to their ease of use for daily tasks. Despite their growing prevalence, their security and privacy implications are still not well understood. To address this gap, we…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-12-25 Borna Kalhor , Sanchari Das

Increasing communication and self-driving capabilities for road vehicles lead to threats imposed by attackers. Especially attacks leading to safety violations have to be identified to address them by appropriate measures. The impact of an…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2021-08-11 Christian Wolschke , Behrooz Sangchoolie , Jacob Simon , Stefan Marksteiner , Tobias Braun , Hayk Hamazaryan

The growing demand for accessible therapeutic options has led to the exploration of Virtual Reality (VR) as a platform for forest bathing, which aims to reduce stress and improve cognitive functions. This paper brings together findings from…

Virtual environments (VEs) offer potential benefits to health and safety training: exposure to dangerous (virtual) environments; the opportunity for experiential learning; and a high level of control over the training, in that aspects can…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2019-10-11 Glyn Lawson , Emily Shaw , Tessa Roper , Tommy Nilsson , Laura Bajorunaite , Ayesha Batool

Virtual Reality (VR) has emerged as a transformative technology across industries, yet its security weaknesses, including vulnerabilities, are underinvestigated. This study investigates 334 VR projects hosted on GitHub, examining 1,681…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-07-25 Yifan Xu , Jinfu Chen , Zhenyu Qi , Huashan Chen , Junyi Wang , Pengfei Hu , Feng Liu , Sen He

Verifying the robustness of machine learning models against evasion attacks at test time is an important research problem. Unfortunately, prior work established that this problem is NP-hard for decision tree ensembles, hence bound to be…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-11-14 Stefano Calzavara , Lorenzo Cazzaro , Giulio Ermanno Pibiri , Nicola Prezza

Safe reinforcement learning deals with mitigating or avoiding unsafe situations by reinforcement learning (RL) agents. Safe RL approaches are based on specific risk representations for particular problems or domains. In order to analyze…

Virtual reality exposure therapy (VRET) enables controlled exposure to trauma-related stimuli to facilitate memory access and emotional processing. However, the field remains underexplored for complex post-traumatic stress disorder…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2026-04-15 Annalisa Degenhard , Sophia Ppali , Fotis Liarokapis , Enrico Rukzio , Jennifer Spohrs , Stefan Tschoeke

The performance of deep learning models highly depends on the amount of training data. It is common practice for today's data holders to merge their datasets and train models collaboratively, which yet poses a threat to data privacy.…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2022-03-29 Jikun Chen , Feng Qiang , Na Ruan

Recent studies have reported an increased risk of developing brain and neck tumors, as well as cataracts, in practitioners in interventional radiology (IR). Occupational radiation protection in IR has been a top concern for regulatory…

医学物理 · 物理学 2020-01-15 Yi Guo , Li Mao , Gongsen Zhang , Zhi Chen , Xi Pei , X. George Xu

Investigating cybersickness (CS) in virtual reality (VR) often requires significant resources to create the VR environment and manage other experiment-related aspects. Additionally, slight differences in VR content across studies can lead…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2025-04-04 Nana Tian , Elif Kurtay , Dylan Vairoli , Adriano Viegas Milani , Ronan Boulic

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models enable robots to interpret natural-language instructions and perform diverse tasks, yet their integration of perception, language, and control introduces new safety vulnerabilities. Despite growing…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-11-18 Jiayu Li , Yunhan Zhao , Xiang Zheng , Zonghuan Xu , Yige Li , Xingjun Ma , Yu-Gang Jiang

Virtual reality (VR), while enhancing user experiences, introduces significant privacy risks. This paper reveals a novel vulnerability in VR systems that allows attackers to capture VR privacy through obstacles utilizing millimeter-wave…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-11-18 Luoyu Mei , Ruofeng Liu , Zhimeng Yin , Qingchuan Zhao , Wenchao Jiang , Shuai Wang , Kangjie Lu , Tian He

Security vulnerabilities in software systems represent significant risks as potential entry points for malicious attacks. Traditional dashboards that display the results of static analysis security testing often use 2D or 3D visualizations,…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2025-04-28 Dennis Wüppelman , Enes Yigitbas

Virtual Reality (VR) technology is rapidly growing in recent years. VR devices such as Meta Quest 3 utilize numerous sensors to collect users' data to provide an immersive experience. Due to the extensive data collection and the immersive…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-09-09 Vamsi Shankar Simhadri , Yichang Xiong , Habiba Farrukh , Xiaokuan Zhang

As hybrid, distributed, and asynchronous work models become more prevalent, continuous learning in Agile Software Development (ASD) gains renewed importance. Communities of Practice (CoPs) are increasingly adopted to support social learning…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-07-03 Christiaan Verwijs , Evelien Acun-Roos , Daniel Russo

As the number of Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) continues to grow exponentially, security teams face increasingly difficult decisions about prioritization. Current approaches using Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS)…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-03-05 Naoyuki Shimizu , Masaki Hashimoto

Recent advances in machine learning and artificial intelligence are now being considered in safety-critical autonomous systems where software defects may cause severe harm to humans and the environment. Design organizations in these domains…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-03-24 John Törnblom , Simin Nadjm-Tehrani

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL)-based slicing policies have shown significant success in simulated environments but face challenges in physical systems such as open radio access networks (O-RANs) due to simulation-to-reality gaps. These…

网络与互联网体系结构 · 计算机科学 2025-03-18 Ahmad M. Nagib , Hatem Abou-Zeid , Hossam S. Hassanein