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The detections of atomic hydrogen, heavy atoms and ions surrounding the extrasolar giant planet (EGP) HD209458b constrain the composition, temperature and density profiles in its upper atmosphere. Thus the observations provide guidance for…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-11 T. T. Koskinen , M. J. Harris , R. V. Yelle , P. Lavvas

Observational breakthroughs in the exoplanet field of the last decade motivated the development of numerous theoretical models describing atmospheres and mass loss, which is believed to be one of the main drivers of planetary evolution. We…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2023-12-13 Daria Kubyshkina , Luca Fossati , Nikolai V. Erkaev

Planetary mass loss is governed by several physical mechanisms, including photoionisation that may impact the evolution of the atmosphere. Stellar radiation energy deposited as heat depends strongly on the energy of the primary electrons…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2023-09-18 Alexande Gillet , Antonio Garcia Munoz , Antoine Strugarek

Multiple studies have shown that planet-planet scattering plays an important role in the dynamical evolution of planetary systems. For instance, it has been shown that planet-planet scattering can reproduce the eccentricity distribution of…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2025-01-24 Hareesh Gautham Bhaskar , Hagai Perets

A growing planet embedded in a protoplanetary disk induces three-dimensional gas flow, which exhibits a midplane outflow that can suppress dust accretion onto the planet and form global dust substructures (rings and gaps). Because analytic…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2023-11-06 Ayumu Kuwahara , Hiroyuki Kurokawa

[Abridged] Context: Radiation-driven mass loss plays a key role in the life-cycles of massive stars. However, basic predictions of such mass loss still suffer from significant quantitative uncertainties. Aims: We develop new…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2020-01-08 J. O. Sundqvist , R. Björklund , J. Puls , F. Najarro

Low-gravity waterworlds ($M\lesssim 0.1 M_{\oplus}$) are of interest for their potential habitability. The weakly bound atmospheres of such worlds have proportionally larger radiative surfaces and are more susceptible to escape. We conduct…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2019-08-15 Constantin W. Arnscheidt , Robin D. Wordsworth , Feng Ding

Type II orbital migration is a key process to regulate the mass and semimajor axis distribution of exoplanetary giant planets. The conventional formula of type II migration generally predicts too rapid inward migration to reconcile with the…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2025-12-02 Shigeru Ida , Ya-Ping Li , Jun-Peng Pan , Yi-Xian Chen , Douglas N. C. Lin

Identifying terrestrial planets in the habitable zones (HZs) of other stars is one of the primary goals of ongoing radial velocity and transit exoplanet surveys and proposed future space missions. Most current estimates of the boundaries of…

(Shortened version): The mass loss rates, expansion velocities and dust-to-gas density ratios from millimetric observations of 119 carbon-rich giants are compared, as functions of stellar parameters, to the predictions of recent…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2007-05-23 J. Bergeat , L. Chevallier

The conditions that a planet must fulfill to be habitable are not precisely known. However, it is comparatively easier to define conditions under which a planet is very likely not habitable. Finding such conditions is important as it can…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-17 Yann Alibert

Transiting exoplanets provide detailed access to their atmospheres, as the planet's signal can be effectively separated from that of its host star. For transiting exoplanets three fundamental atmospheric measurements are possible:…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2018-04-23 David K. Sing

Survey strategies for upcoming exoplanet direct imaging missions have considered varying assumptions of prior knowledge. Precursor radial velocity surveys could have detected nearby exo-Earths and provided prior orbit and mass constraints.…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2024-06-13 Arnaud Salvador , Tyler D. Robinson , Jonathan J. Fortney , Mark S. Marley

We quantify the atmospheric mass loss during planet formation by examining the contributions to atmospheric loss from both giant impacts and planetesimal accretion. Giant impacts cause global motion of the ground. Using analytic…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-22 Hilke Schlichting , Re'em Sari , Almog Yalinewich

We present a new method to retrieve molecular abundances and temperature profiles from exoplanet atmosphere photometry and spectroscopy. We run millions of 1D atmosphere models in order to cover the large range of allowed parameter space,…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2014-11-20 N. Madhusudhan , S. Seager

Photoevaporation is thought to play an important role in the early planetary evolution. In this study, we investigate the diffusion limit of X-ray and ultraviolet induced photoevaporation in primordial atmospheres. We find that…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2024-04-16 Darius Modirrousta-Galian , Jun Korenaga

The K2-33 planetary system hosts one transiting ~5 R_E planet orbiting the young M-type host star. The planet's mass is still unknown, with an estimated upper limit of 5.4 M_J. The extreme youth of the system (<20 Myr) gives the…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2018-04-18 D. Kubyshkina , M. Lendl , L. Fossati , P. E. Cubillos , H. Lammer , N. V. Erkaev , C. P. Johnstone

The increasing precision of planetary mass and radius observations is bringing major questions about the structure and formation of planets--such as the nature of the radius valley and origin of super-Mercuries--within reach, demanding the…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2026-05-29 Bennett Neil Skinner , Ralph E. Pudritz , Ryan Cloutier

Exoplanetary science is among the fastest evolving fields of today's astronomical research. Ground-based planet-hunting surveys alongside dedicated space missions (Kepler, CoRoT) are delivering an ever-increasing number of exoplanets, now…

Exoplanet surveys have revealed a wide diversity of planetary systems, requiring integrated models of planet formation to explain their origin. Planet population synthesis (PPS) modelling is a key tool for linking theory with the…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2026-04-21 Tadahiro Kimura , Masahiro Ikoma