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Freely oriented small anisotropic grains and molecules depolarize radiation both in single scattering and in the process of multiple scattering. Especially large depolarization occurs for resonant scattering corresponding to the electron…
Recent progress in the application of color centers to nanoscale spin sensing makes the combined use of noise spectroscopy and scanning probe imaging an attractive route for the characterization of arbitrary material systems. Unfortunately,…
Parkinson's disease (PD) belongs to the class of neurodegenerative disorders that affect the central nervous system. It is usually defined as the gradual loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, which causes both…
Temporally varying electromagnetic media have been extensively investigated recently to unveil new means for controlling light. However, spin-dependent phenomena in such media have not been explored thoroughly. Here, we reveal the existence…
Recent experimental studies indicate that visual cognition is accompanied by slowly propagating biophysical travelling waves in cortical tissue. Here we propose polarization waves as a coherent physical framework for visual cognition. We…
The remarkable advancements in our capacity to synthesise structured light have facilitated the generation of any desired optical landscapes and even controlling the spatial distribution of light propagating through optically complex media…
At the exit surface of a photonic crystal, the intensity of the diffracted wave can be periodically modulated, showing a maximum in the "positive" (forward diffracted) or in the "negative" (diffracted) direction, depending on the slab…
In many scientific applications, measured time series are corrupted by noise or distortions. Traditional denoising techniques often fail to recover the signal of interest, particularly when the signal-to-noise ratio is low or when certain…
Eye movements have been widely investigated to study the atypical visual attention in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The majority of these studies have been focused on limited eye movement features by statistical comparisons between ASD…
The polarisation of cells and tissues is fundamental for tissue morphogenesis during biological development and regeneration. A deeper understanding of biological polarity pattern formation can be gained from the consideration of pattern…
Two-photon laser scanning microscopy is widely used in a quickly growing field of neuroscience. It is a fluorescence imaging technique that allows imaging of living tissue up to a very high depth to study inherent brain structure and…
The transmission of polarized light through a two-dimensional randomly rough interface between two dielectric media has been much less studied, by any approach, than the reflection of light from such an interface. We have derived a reduced…
Scattering of light from an anisotropic source produces linear polarization in spectral lines and the continuum. In the outer layers of a stellar atmosphere the anisotropy of the radiation field is typically dominated by the radiation…
We present a numerical study on the light transport properties which are modulated by the disorder strength in quasi-one-dimensional disordered waveguide which consists of periodically arranged scatterers with random dielectric constant.…
Although deep learning models in medical imaging often achieve excellent classification performance, they can rely on shortcut learning, exploiting spurious correlations or confounding factors that are not causally related to the target…
Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging (dMRI) is an imaging technique with exquisite sensitivity to the microstructural properties of heterogeneous media. The conventionally adopted acquisition schemes involving single pulsed field gradients…
Detection of scattered light can determine the susceptibility of dielectrics. Such imaging normally holds Rayleigh's limit: details finer than the wavelength of the incident light cannot be determined from the far-field zone. We show that…
Human visual perception is a complex, dynamic and fluctuating process. In addition to the incoming visual stimulus, it is affected by many other factors including temporal context, both external and internal to the observer. In this study…
The distortion of light's degrees of freedom when passing through complex random media is of great interest across a diversity of fields, e.g., scattering in biological studies. Emulating such media in a controlled laboratory setting…
Recent learning-based approaches have made astonishing advances in calibrated medical imaging like computerized tomography (CT), yet they struggle to generalize in uncalibrated modalities -- notably magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, where…