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As process technology scales down to smaller dimensions, DRAM chips become more vulnerable to disturbance, a phenomenon in which different DRAM cells interfere with each other's operation. For the first time in academic literature, our ISCA…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2016-03-03 Yoongu Kim , Ross Daly , Jeremie Kim , Chris Fallin , Ji Hye Lee , Donghyuk Lee , Chris Wilkerson , Konrad Lai , Onur Mutlu

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have been shown to tolerate "brain damage": cumulative changes to the network's parameters (e.g., pruning, numerical perturbations) typically result in a graceful degradation of classification accuracy. However,…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2019-06-05 Sanghyun Hong , Pietro Frigo , Yiğitcan Kaya , Cristiano Giuffrida , Tudor Dumitraş

Rowhammer has drawn much attention from both academia and industry in the past years as rowhammer exploitation poses severe consequences to system security. Since the first comprehensive study of rowhammer in 2014, a number of rowhammer…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-05-02 Zhi Zhang , Decheng Chen , Jiahao Qi , Yueqiang Cheng , Shijie Jiang , Yiyang Lin , Yansong Gao , Surya Nepal , Yi Zou , Jiliang Zhang , Yang Xiang

Inter-VM RowHammer is an attack that induces a bitflip beyond the boundaries of virtual machines (VMs) to compromise a VM from another, and some software-based techniques have been proposed to mitigate this attack. Evaluating these…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-06-10 Hidemasa Kawasaki , Soramichi Akiyama

All the state-of-the-art rowhammer attacks can break the MMU-enforced inter-domain isolation because the physical memory owned by each domain is adjacent to each other. To mitigate these attacks, physical domain isolation, introduced by…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2019-10-22 Yueqiang Cheng , Zhi Zhang , Surya Nepal , Zhi Wang

Cloud providers are concerned that Rowhammer poses a potentially critical threat to their servers, yet today they lack a systematic way to test whether the DRAM used in their servers is vulnerable to Rowhammer attacks. This paper presents…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2020-03-11 Lucian Cojocar , Jeremie Kim , Minesh Patel , Lillian Tsai , Stefan Saroiu , Alec Wolman , Onur Mutlu

Vulnerabilities emanating from DRAM errors pose a vexing problem that remains, as of yet, unsolved and elusive but cannot be ignored. Prior defenses focused on specific details of early RowHammer attacks and fail to generalize with the…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-03-12 Manuel Wiesinger , Daniel Dorfmeister , Stefan Brunthaler

Neural networks have been shown to be vulnerable against fault injection attacks. These attacks change the physical behavior of the device during the computation, resulting in a change of value that is currently being computed. They can be…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-03-01 Jakub Breier , Dirmanto Jap , Xiaolu Hou , Shivam Bhasin , Yang Liu

Microarchitectural vulnerabilities increasingly undermine the assumption that hardware can be treated as a reliable root of trust. Prevention mechanisms often lag behind evolving attack techniques, leaving deployed systems unable to assume…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-03-27 Martin Herrmann , Oussama Draissi , Christian Niesler , Ahmad-Reza Sadeghi , Lucas Davi

This dissertation rigorously characterizes many modern commodity DRAM devices and shows that by exploiting DRAM access timing margins within manufacturer-recommended DRAM timing specifications, we can significantly improve system…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2021-09-30 Jeremie S. Kim

This paper challenges the existing victim-focused counter-based RowHammer detection mechanisms by experimentally demonstrating a novel multi-sided fault injection attack technique called Threshold Breaker. This mechanism can effectively…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2023-11-29 Ranyang Zhou , Jacqueline Liu , Sabbir Ahmed , Nakul Kochar , Adnan Siraj Rakin , Shaahin Angizi

RowHammer stands out as a prominent example, potentially the pioneering one, showcasing how a failure mechanism at the circuit level can give rise to a significant and pervasive security vulnerability within systems. Prior research has…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-04-30 Ranyang Zhou , Jacqueline T. Liu , Nakul Kochar , Sabbir Ahmed , Adnan Siraj Rakin , Shaahin Angizi

In this paper we present three attacks on private internal networks behind a NAT and a corresponding new protection mechanism, Internal Network Policy, to mitigate a wide range of attacks that penetrate internal networks behind a NAT. In…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2019-10-04 Yehuda Afek , Anat Bremler-Barr , Alon Noy

RowHammer vulnerabilities pose a significant threat to modern DRAM-based systems, where rapid activation of DRAM rows can induce bit-flips in neighboring rows. To mitigate this, state-of-the-art host-side RowHammer mitigations typically…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-05-16 Jeonghyun Woo , Prashant J. Nair

Prior attacks on graph neural networks have mostly focused on graph poisoning and evasion, neglecting the network's weights and biases. Traditional weight-based fault injection attacks, such as bit flip attacks used for convolutional neural…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-08-19 Lorenz Kummer , Samir Moustafa , Nils N. Kriege , Wilfried N. Gansterer

Rowhammer poses a significant security challenge for modern computers, specifically affecting Dynamic Random Access Memory(DRAM). Given society's growing reliance on computer systems, ensuring the reliability of hardware is of utmost…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-10-12 Amir Naseredini

Memory isolation is a critical property for system reliability, security, and safety. We demonstrate RowPress, a DRAM read disturbance phenomenon different from the well-known RowHammer. RowPress induces bitflips by keeping a DRAM row open…

Many damaging cybersecurity attacks are enabled when an attacker can access residual sensitive information (e.g. cryptographic keys, personal identifiers) left behind from earlier computation. Attackers can sometimes use residual…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2021-06-21 Deborah Shands , Carolyn Talcott

In multi-hop wireless systems, the need for cooperation among nodes to relay each other's packets exposes them to a wide range of security attacks. A particularly devastating attack is the wormhole attack, where a malicious node records…

网络与互联网体系结构 · 计算机科学 2010-07-15 Debdutta Barman Roy , Rituparna Chaki , Nabendu Chaki

Side-channel attacks on memory (SCAM) exploit unintended data leaks from memory subsystems to infer sensitive information, posing significant threats to system security. These attacks exploit vulnerabilities in memory access patterns, cache…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-05-09 MD Mahady Hassan , Shanto Roy , Reza Rahaeimehr