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The outsourcing of the design and manufacturing of integrated circuits has raised severe concerns about the piracy of Intellectual Properties and illegal overproduction. Logic locking has emerged as an obfuscation technique to protect…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2022-10-14 Yadi Zhong , Ayush Jain , M. Tanjidur Rahman , Navid Asadizanjani , Jiafeng Xie , Ujjwal Guin

Logic locking has emerged to prevent piracy and overproduction of integrated circuits ever since the split of the design house and manufacturing foundry was established. While there has been a lot of research using a single global key to…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-01-07 Kevin Lopez , Amin Rezaei

Logic locking remains one of the most promising defenses against hardware piracy, yet current approaches often face challenges in scalability and design overhead. In this paper, we present TLGLock, a new design paradigm that leverages the…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-03-20 Abdullah Sahruri , Martin Margala

Logic locking has been a promising solution to many hardware security threats, such as intellectual property infringement and overproduction. Due to the increased attention that threats have received, many efficient specialized attacks…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-01-12 F. Almeida , L. Aksoy , Q-L. Nguyen , S. Dupuis , M-L. Flottes , S. Pagliarini

Logic locking is a prominent technique to protect the integrity of hardware designs throughout the integrated circuit design and fabrication flow. However, in recent years, the security of locking schemes has been thoroughly challenged by…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2021-05-20 Dominik Sisejkovic , Farhad Merchant , Lennart M. Reimann , Harshit Srivastava , Ahmed Hallawa , Rainer Leupers

Logic locking refers to a set of techniques that can protect integrated circuits (ICs) from counterfeiting, piracy and malicious functionality changes by an untrusted foundry. It achieves these goals by introducing new inputs, called key…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2020-01-20 Deepak Sirone , Pramod Subramanyan

Intellectual Property (IP) theft is a serious concern for the integrated circuit (IC) industry. To address this concern, logic locking countermeasure transforms a logic circuit to a different one to obfuscate its inner details. The…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2021-02-18 Qinhan Tan , Seetal Potluri , Aydin Aysu

Logic Obfuscation is a well renowned design-for-trust solution to protect an Integrated Circuit (IC) from unauthorized use and illegal overproduction by including key-gates to lock the design. This is particularly necessary for ICs…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-04-12 Haimanti Chakraborty , Ranga Vemuri

Intellectual property (IP) piracy has become a non-negligible problem as the integrated circuit (IC) production supply chain is becoming increasingly globalized and separated that enables attacks by potentially untrusted attackers. Logic…

The Circuit Satisfiability (CSAT) problem, a variant of the Boolean Satisfiability (SAT) problem, plays a critical role in integrated circuit design and verification. However, existing SAT solvers, optimized for Conjunctive Normal Form…

计算机科学中的逻辑 · 计算机科学 2025-07-03 Zhengyuan Shi , Tiebing Tang , Jiaying Zhu , Sadaf Khan , Hui-Ling Zhen , Mingxuan Yuan , Zhufei Chu , Qiang Xu

Chip designers outsource chip fabrication to external foundries, but at the risk of IP theft. Logic locking, a promising solution to mitigate this threat, adds extra logic gates (key gates) and inputs (key bits) to the chip so that it…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2017-03-31 Mohamed El Massad , Jun Zhang , Siddharth Garg , Mahesh V. Tripunitara

Since the development of semiconductor technologies, exascale computing and its associated applications have required increasing degrees of efficiency. Semiconductor-transistor-based circuits (STbCs) have struggled in increasing the GHz…

计算机科学中的逻辑 · 计算机科学 2023-01-26 Junyao Zhang , Paul Bogdan , Shahin Nazarian

The outsourcing of semiconductor manufacturing raises security risks, such as piracy and overproduction of hardware intellectual property. To overcome this challenge, logic locking has emerged to lock a given circuit using additional key…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-01-30 Kevin Lopez , Amin Rezaei

LUT (Look-Up Table) mapping is a critical step in FPGA logic synthesis, where a logic network is transformed into a form that can be directly implemented using the FPGA's LUTs. An FPGA LUT is a flexible digital memory structure that can…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2025-07-16 Cunxi Yu

Logic locking proposed to protect integrated circuits from serious hardware threats has been studied extensively over a decade. In these years, many efficient logic locking techniques have been proven to be broken. The state-of-the-art…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-01-17 Levent Aksoy , Muhammad Yasin , Samuel Pagliarini

Logic Locking is a well-accepted protection technique to enable trust in the outsourced design and fabrication processes of integrated circuits (ICs) where the original design is modified by incorporating additional key gates in the…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2020-07-22 Ayush Jain , Tanjidur Rahman , Ujjwal Guin

Logic locking aims to protect the intellectual property (IP) of integrated circuit (IC) designs throughout the globalized supply chain. The SAIL attack, based on tailored machine learning (ML) models, circumvents combinational logic locking…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2021-02-11 Lilas Alrahis , Satwik Patnaik , Johann Knechtel , Hani Saleh , Baker Mohammad , Mahmoud Al-Qutayri , Ozgur Sinanoglu

Integrated circuit (IC) piracy and overproduction are serious issues that threaten the security and integrity of a system. Logic locking is a type of hardware obfuscation technique where additional key gates are inserted into the circuit.…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2021-01-27 Michael Yue , Fatemeh Tehranipoor

Globalization of IC manufacturing has led to increased security concerns, notably IP theft. Several logic locking techniques have been developed for protecting designs, but they typically display very large overhead, and are generally…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2020-05-22 Joseph Sweeney , Mohammed Zackriya , Samuel Pagliarini , Lawrence Pileggi

Camouflaging gate techniques are typically used in hardware security to prevent reverse engineering. Layout level camouflaging by adding dummy contacts ensures some level of protection against extracting the correct netlist. Threshold…