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Software maintenance constitutes a substantial portion of the total lifetime costs of software, with a significant portion attributed to code comprehension. Software comprehension is eased by documentation such as comments that summarize…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2024-07-19 Skyler Grandel , Scott Thomas Andersen , Yu Huang , Kevin Leach

With the increasing complexity of large-scale software systems, identifying all necessary modifications for a specific change is challenging. Co-changed methods, which are methods frequently modified together, are crucial for understanding…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2024-12-02 Yiping Jia , Safwat Hassan , Ying Zou

As an integral part of source code files, code comments help improve program readability and comprehension. However, developers sometimes do not comment on their program code adequately due to the incurred extra efforts, lack of relevant…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2019-07-31 Xiaotao Song , Hailong Sun , Xu Wang , Jiafei Yan

The lack of comprehensive sources of accurate vulnerability data represents a critical obstacle to studying and understanding software vulnerabilities (and their corrections). In this paper, we present an approach that combines heuristics…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-03-18 Daan Hommersom , Antonino Sabetta , Bonaventura Coppola , Dario Di Nucci , Damian A. Tamburri

Background: As improving code review (CR) effectiveness is a priority for many software development organizations, projects have deployed CR analytics platforms to identify potential improvement areas. The number of issues identified, which…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2023-07-11 Asif Kamal Turzo , Fahim Faysal , Ovi Poddar , Jaydeb Sarker , Anindya Iqbal , Amiangshu Bosu

To improve the efficiency of software maintenance, change prediction techniques have been proposed to predict frequently changing modules. Whereas existing techniques focus primarily on class-level prediction, method-level prediction allows…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-03-06 Hiroto Sugimori , Shinpei Hayashi

Code reviews are popular in both industrial and open source projects. The benefits of code reviews are widely recognized and include better code quality and lower likelihood of introducing bugs. However, since code review is a manual…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2021-05-20 Rosalia Tufano , Luca Pascarella , Michele Tufano , Denys Poshyvanyk , Gabriele Bavota

Motivation: Code understandability is crucial in software development, as developers spend 58% to 70% of their time reading source code. Improving it can improve productivity and reduce maintenance costs. Problem: Experimental studies often…

Software fault prediction model are employed to optimize testing resource allocation by identifying fault-prone classes before testing phases. Several researchers' have validated the use of different classification techniques to develop…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2017-04-17 Lov Kumar , Santanu Rath , Ashish Sureka

Commit messages are valuable resources for describing why code changes are committed to repositories in version control systems (e.g., Git). They effectively help developers understand code changes and better perform software maintenance…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-09-22 Hongyu Kuang , Ning Zhang , Hui Gao , Xin Zhou , Wesley K. G. Assunção , Xiaoxing Ma , Dong Shao , Guoping Rong , He Zhang

Changes in source code are an inevitable part of software development. They are the results of indispensable activities such as fixing bugs or improving functionality. Descriptions for code changes (commit messages) help people better…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2023-06-27 Thanh Trong Vu , Thanh-Dat Do , Hieu Dinh Vo

Context: Learning-based automatic program repair techniques are showing promise to provide quality fix suggestions for detected bugs in the source code of the software. These tools mostly exploit historical data of buggy and fixed code…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2020-10-07 Faria Huq , Masum Hasan , Mahim Anzum Haque Pantho , Sazan Mahbub , Anindya Iqbal , Toufique Ahmed

A key issue in collaborative software development is communication among developers. One modality of communication is a commit message, in which developers describe the changes they make in a repository. As such, commit messages serve as an…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2022-02-08 Yingchen Tian , Yuxia Zhang , Klaas-Jan Stol , Lin Jiang , Hui Liu

Context: Code reviews are essential for maintaining software quality, yet many human review comments suffer from issues such as redundancy, vagueness, or lack of constructiveness. These types of comments may slow down feedback and obscure…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2026-04-28 Semih Çağlar , Şükrü Eren Gökırmak , Eray Tüzün

Software source code often harbours "hotspots": small portions of the code that change far more often than the rest of the project and thus concentrate maintenance activity. We mine the complete version histories of 91 evolving, actively…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2026-02-16 Saleha Muzammil , Mughees Ur Rehman , Zoe Kotti , Diomidis Spinellis

When developers use different keywords such as TODO and FIXME in source code comments to describe self-admitted technical debt (SATD), we refer it as Keyword-Labeled SATD (KL-SATD). We study KL-SATD from 33 software repositories with 13,588…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2020-08-13 Leevi Rantala , Mika Mäntylä , David Lo

Code comments can help in program comprehension and are considered as important artifacts to help developers in software maintenance. However, the comments are mostly missing or are outdated, specially in complex software projects. As a…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2021-03-22 Ramin Shahbazi , Rishab Sharma , Fatemeh H. Fard

We are trying to find source code comments that help programmers understand a nontrivial part of source code. One of such examples would be explaining to assign a zero as a way to "clear" a buffer. Such comments are invaluable to…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2022-03-18 Yusuke Shinyama , Yoshitaka Arahori , Katsuhiko Gondow

In software development and maintenance, code comments can help developers understand source code, and improve communication among developers. However, developers sometimes neglect to update the corresponding comment when changing the code,…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2024-03-04 Yuan Huang , Yinan Chen , Xiangping Chen , Xiaocong Zhou

Objective: Systematic reviews of scholarly documents often provide complete and exhaustive summaries of literature relevant to a research question. However, well-done systematic reviews are expensive, time-demanding, and labor-intensive.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2020-12-15 Xiaoxiao Li , Rabah Al-Zaidy , Amy Zhang , Stefan Baral , Le Bao , C. Lee Giles