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We survey recent advances in algorithms for route planning in transportation networks. For road networks, we show that one can compute driving directions in milliseconds or less even at continental scale. A variety of techniques provide…

Recently, with the advancement of the GPS-enabled cellular technologies, the location-based services (LBS) have gained in popularity. Nowadays, an increasingly larger number of map-based applications enable users to ask a wider variety of…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2017-06-27 Radi Muhammad Reza , Mohammed Eunus Ali , Muhammad Aamir Cheema

As many public transportation systems around the world transition to electric buses, the planning and operation of fleets can be improved via tailored decision-support tools. In this work, we study the impact of jointly locating charging…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2024-03-18 Rito Brata Nath , Tarun Rambha , Maximilian Schiffer

Accurate forecasting of bus ridership (passengers numbers) is crucial for efficient management and optimization of public transport systems. Traditional forecasting models often fail to capture the unique and localized dynamics of different…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-04 Daniel Azenkot , Michael Fire , Eran Ben Elia

Reorganizing bus frequency to cater for the actual travel demand can save the cost of the public transport system significantly. Many, if not all, existing studies formulate this as a bus frequency optimization problem which tries to…

社会与信息网络 · 计算机科学 2020-09-30 Songsong Mo , Zhifeng Bao , Baihua Zheng , Zhiyong Peng

This paper studies line planning for urban bus networks that face multiple resource limits such as budget, labor, and emission caps while using heterogeneous fleets. The objective is to maximize total reward from serving passengers by…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2026-04-07 Hongyi Jiang , Igor Averbakh , Samitha Samaranayake

Bus bunching is ostensibly regarded as a detrimental phenomenon in bus systems. We study a bus loop with two bus stops, one regular and one spike bus stop, where bunched buses can outperform staggered buses. The spike bus stop models a bus…

物理与社会 · 物理学 2022-01-10 Luca Vismara , Vee-Liem Saw , Lock Yue Chew

This study addresses the rebalancing of empty modular transit pods between scheduled service trips in fixed-route bus systems. A two-stage hierarchical optimization framework is proposed. The first stage determines the minimum fleet size…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2025-08-27 Tina Radvand , Alireza Talebpour , Yanfeng Ouyang

The continuous increase in urban deliveries and the ongoing urbanization of large cities require the development of efficient and sustainable transportation solutions. This study investigates the impact of modular vehicle concepts and the…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2023-05-05 Jonas Hatzenbühler , Erik Jenelius , Győző Gidófalvi , Oded Cats

Vehicle-based mobile sensing (a.k.a drive-by sensing) is an important means of surveying urban environment by leveraging the mobility of public or private transport vehicles. Buses, for their extensive spatial coverage and reliable…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2022-11-28 Dai Zhuang , Ke Han

Managing all the mobility and transportation services with autonomous vehicles for users of a smart city requires determining the assignment of the vehicles to the users and their routing in conjunction with their speed. Such decisions must…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2022-10-10 Tommaso Giovannelli , Luis Nunes Vicente

This study aims to propose an approach for spatiotemporal integration of bus transit, which enables users to change bus lines by paying a single fare. This could increase bus transit efficiency and, consequently, help to make this mode of…

社会与信息网络 · 计算机科学 2024-02-29 Júlio Borges , Altieris M. Peixoto , Thiago H. Silva , Anelise Munaretto , Ricardo Luders

Two multivehicle routing problems are considered in the framework that a visit to a location must take place during a specific time window in order to be counted and all time windows are the same length. In the first problem, the goal is to…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2011-01-21 Greg N. Frederickson , Barry Wittman

Recent developments in modular transport vehicles allow deploying multi-purpose vehicles which can alternately transport different kinds of flows. In this study, we propose a novel variant of the pickup and delivery problem, the…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2022-10-13 Jonas Hatzenbühler , Erik Jenelius , Győző Gidófalvi , Oded Cats

With the increasing market penetration of battery-electric buses into urban bus networks, practitioners face many novel planning problems. As a result, the interest in optimization-based decision-making for these planning problems increases…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2021-04-23 Nicolas Dirks , Dennis Wagner , Maximilian Schiffer , Grit Walther

The last few years have seen the massive deployment of electric buses in many existing transit networks. However, the planning and operation of an electric bus system differ from that of a bus system with conventional vehicles, and some key…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2023-09-04 Rémi Lacombe , Nikolce Murgovski , Sébastien Gros , Balázs Kulcsár

This paper aims to introduce a mathematical model to solve the time-dependent electric vehicles routing problem in shared travels. Shared mobility has gained significance recently due to its contribution to the alleviation of traffic…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2026-04-30 Alireza Yazdiani , Shayan Bafandkar , Amir Elmi , Yousef Shafahi

For all line-based transit systems like bus, metro and tram, the routes of the lines and the frequencies at which they are operated are determining for the operational performance of the system. However, as transit line planning happens…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2024-05-17 Marie Schmidt , Anita Schöbel

Both evaluating the service quality of a public transport system and understanding how passengers choose between modes or routes is imperative for public transport operators, providers of competing mobility services and policy makers.…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2025-08-27 Rolf Nelson van Lieshout , Kevin Dalmeijer

We investigate the stochastic transfer synchronization problem, which seeks to synchronize the timetables of different routes in a transit network to reduce transfer waiting times, delay times, and unnecessary in-vehicle times. We present a…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2024-03-06 Zahra Ansarilari , Merve Bodur , Amer Shalaby