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Imaging of the optical properties of individual nanosystems beyond fluorescence can provide a wealth of information. However, the minute signals for absorption and dispersion are challenging to observe, and only specialized techniques…

光学 · 物理学 2015-09-10 Matthias Mader , Jakob Reichel , Theodor W. Hänsch , David Hunger

Optical tweezers are highly versatile laser traps for neutral microparticles, with fundamental applications in physics and in single molecule cell biology. Force measurements are performed by converting the stiffness response to…

光学 · 物理学 2014-06-30 R S Dutra , N B Viana , P A Maia Neto , H M Nussenzveig

Conventional microscope objective lenses are diffraction limited, which means that they cannot resolve features smaller than half the illumination wavelength. Under white light illumination, such resolution limit is about 250-300 nm for an…

仪器与探测器 · 物理学 2021-08-26 Bing Yan , Zengbo Wang , Alan Parker , Yukun Lai , John Thomas , Liyang Yue , James Monks

The impressive growth of data throughput in optical microscopy has triggered a widespread use of supervised learning (SL) models running on compressed image datasets for efficient automated analysis. However, since lossy image compression…

Conventional multi-projector calibration requires projecting and capturing structured light patterns for each projector sequentially, causing calibration time and effort to increase linearly with the number of projectors. This scalability…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-04-28 Takumi Kawano , Kohei Miura , Daisuke Iwai

High-resolution imagery plays a critical role in improving the performance of visual recognition tasks such as classification, detection, and segmentation. In many domains, including remote sensing and surveillance, low-resolution images…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-05-28 Ch Muhammad Awais , Marco Reggiannini , Davide Moroni , Oktay Karakus

Quantitative polarisation-resolved optical extinction microscopy of individual plasmonic nanoparticles has recently been introduced as a powerful tool to characterise the nanoparticle's morphology with a precision comparable to electron…

光学 · 物理学 2026-02-10 Lukas M Payne , Furqan Alabdullah , Paola Borri , Wolfgang Langbein

To overcome the limit of diffraction while achieving the superresolution technique, solid immersion lenses are the key optical elements for data storage and nanophotonics applications. Recent demonstrations have shown how different…

光学 · 物理学 2026-02-24 Subhankar Roy , Jianping Hu , M Ummal Momeen

Accurate camera calibration is a precondition for many computer vision applications. Calibration errors, such as wrong model assumptions or imprecise parameter estimation, can deteriorate a system's overall performance, making the reliable…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2021-07-29 Annika Hagemann , Moritz Knorr , Holger Janssen , Christoph Stiller

The proliferation of Deep Neural Networks has resulted in machine learning systems becoming increasingly more present in various real-world applications. Consequently, there is a growing demand for highly reliable models in many domains,…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-03-19 Pedro Conde , Rui L. Lopes , Cristiano Premebida

We present an algorithm to photometrically calibrate wide field optical imaging surveys, that simultaneously solves for the calibration parameters and relative stellar fluxes using overlapping observations. The algorithm decouples the…

A method is described intended for distributed calibration of a probe microscope scanner consisting in a search for a net of local calibration coefficients (LCCs) in the process of automatic measurement of a standard surface, whereby each…

材料科学 · 物理学 2015-11-24 Rostislav V. Lapshin

Optical spectroscopy plays an essential role across scientific research and industry for non-contact materials analysis1-3, increasingly through in-situ or portable platforms4-6. However, when considering low-light-level applications,…

It is widely believed that adaptive optics only has a role in correcting turbulent wavefronts on large telescopes using very bright reference stars. Unfortunately these are very scarce and many astronomical targets require wavefront…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2019-11-19 Craig Mackay

We report on image processing techniques and experimental procedures to determine the lattice-site positions of single atoms in an optical lattice with high reliability, even for limited acquisition time or optical resolution. Determining…

Super-resolution localization microscopy is based on determining the positions of individual fluorescent markers in a sample. The major challenge in reaching an ever higher localization precision lies in the limited number of collected…

光学 · 物理学 2020-08-05 Daniel Böning , Franz-Ferdinand Wieser , Vahid Sandoghdar

Despite an emerging interest in MIMO radar, the utilization of its complementary strengths in combination with optical depth sensors has so far been limited to far-field applications, due to the challenges that arise from mutual sensor…

Label-free imaging of rapidly moving, sub-diffraction sized structures has important applications in both biology and material science, as it removes the limitations associated with fluorescence tagging. However, unlabeled nanoscale…

This manual is intended to help ALMA and other interferometer users improve images by recognising limitations and how to overcome them and deciding when and how to use self-calibration. The images provided by the ALMA Science Archive are…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2022-07-13 A. M. S. Richards , E. Moravec , S. Etoka , E. B. Fomalont , A. F. Pérez-Sánchez , M. C. Toribio , R. A. Laing

Overconfidence and underconfidence in machine learning classifiers is measured by calibration: the degree to which the probabilities predicted for each class match the accuracy of the classifier on that prediction. How one measures…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-08-11 Jeremy Nixon , Mike Dusenberry , Ghassen Jerfel , Timothy Nguyen , Jeremiah Liu , Linchuan Zhang , Dustin Tran