相关论文: Challenges to Keeping the Computer Industry Center…

Major shifts in the global system of science and technology are destabilizing the global status order and demonstrating the capacity for emerging countries like China and India to exert greater influence. In order to measure changes in the…

A country's research success can be assessed from the power law function that links country and world rank numbers when publications are ordered by their number of citations; a similar function describes the distribution of country papers…

Invention of Transistors in 1948 started a new era in technology, called Solid State Electronics. Since then, sustaining development and advancement in electronics and fabrication techniques has caused the devices to shrink in size and…

Improvements in the performance of computing systems, driven by Moore's Law, have transformed society. As such hardware-driven gains slow down, it becomes even more important for software developers to focus on performance and efficiency…

Computing has a huge memory problem. The memory system, consisting of multiple technologies at different levels, is responsible for most of the energy consumption, performance bottlenecks, robustness problems, monetary cost, and hardware…

The phenomenal success of physics in explaining nature and designing hardware is predicated on efficient computational models. A universal codebook of physical laws defines the computational rules and a physical system is an interacting…

Understanding and forecasting changing market conditions in complex economic systems like the financial market is of great importance to various stakeholders such as financial institutions and regulatory agencies. Based on the finding that…

For the first time in history, we are seeing a branching point in computing paradigms with the emergence of quantum processing units (QPUs). Extracting the full potential of computation and realizing quantum algorithms with a…

The rapid growth of data centers is increasing energy demand and widening the carbon gap in the ICT sector, as fossil fuels still dominate global energy production. Addressing this challenge requires collaboration across research, policy,…

This study develops a comprehensive Artificial Intelligence (AI) Index with seven primary dimensions, designed for provincial-level and industry-specific analysis. We employ an anchor point method for data normalization, using fixed upper…

This study examines whether the structure of global value chains (GVCs) affects international spillovers of research and development (R&D). Although the presence of ``hub'' countries in GVCs has been confirmed by previous studies, the role…

With the slowdown of Moore's law, CPU-oriented packet processing in software will be significantly outpaced by emerging line speeds of network interface cards (NICs). Single-core packet-processing throughput has saturated. We consider the…

How nations shape the scientific frontier matters for technological competition, but standard metrics, including publication counts, citations, and disruption indices, look backward and fail to distinguish between fundamentally different…

Machine learning, particularly in the form of deep learning, has driven most of the recent fundamental developments in artificial intelligence. Deep learning is based on computational models that are, to a certain extent, bio-inspired, as…

In today's data-centric world, where data fuels numerous application domains, with machine learning at the forefront, handling the enormous volume of data efficiently in terms of time and energy presents a formidable challenge. Conventional…

Cloud computing is one of the innovative computing, which deals with storing and accessing data and programs over the Internet [1]. It is the delivery of computing resources and services, such as storing of data on servers and databases,…

As large-scale AI models expand, training becomes costlier and sustaining progress grows harder. Classical scaling laws (e.g., Kaplan et al. (2020), Hoffmann et al. (2022)) predict training loss from a static compute budget yet neglect time…

Radical changes in computing are foreseen for the next decade. The US IEEE society wants to "reboot computing" and the HiPEAC Vision 2017 sees the time to "re-invent computing", both by challenging its basic assumptions. This document…

Artificial intelligence is projected to increase U.S. data centre power demand beyond 100 gigawatt by 2035 and global demand toward 1 terrawatt. In response, companies and governments have proposed placing computing infrastructure in…

The physical limits to computation have been under active scrutiny over the past decade or two, as theoretical investigations of the possible impact of quantum mechanical processes on computing have begun to make contact with realizable…