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To know the statistical distribution of a variable is an important problem in management of resources. Distributions of the power law type are observed in many real systems. However power law distributions have an infinite variance and thus…

统计力学 · 物理学 2008-12-02 Hari M. Gupta , Jose R. Campanha

Charged-particle distributions are measured in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, using a data sample of nearly 9 million events, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 170 $\mu$b$^{-1}$, recorded by the…

高能物理 - 实验 · 物理学 2016-11-18 ATLAS Collaboration

We use a thermodynamically consistent form of Tsallis distribution to study the dependence of various thermodynamic quantities on the system size in high-energy collisions. The charged hadron spectra obtained in $p$+$p$, $p$+Pb, Xe+Xe, and…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2024-01-25 Rishabh Sharma , Krishan Gopal , Sharang Rav Sharma , Chitrasen Jena

Possible scenarios based on available experimental data and phenomenological knowledge of the GeV energy region are extended to the TeV energy region in the framework of the weighted superposition mechanism of soft and semi-hard events. KNO…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2011-03-23 Roberto Ugoccioni , Alberto Giovannini

A new approach to phenomenological description of the charged particle multiplicity distributions in proton-(anti)proton and electron-positron collisions is presented. The observed features of the data are interpreted on the basis of…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2011-06-24 I. Zborovský

A collision between a proton and a heavy nucleus at ultrarelativistic energy creates particles whose rapidity distribution is asymmetric, with more particles emitted in the direction of the nucleus than in the direction of the proton. This…

核理论 · 物理学 2024-07-23 Rupam Samanta , Jean-Yves Ollitrault

We derive and study quasicanonical Gibbs distribution function which is characterized by the thermostat with finite number of particles (quasithermostat). We show that this naturally leads to Tsallis nonextensive statistics and…

统计力学 · 物理学 2007-05-23 A. K. Aringazin , M. I. Mazhitov

This work focuses on the study of identified hadrons and strange hadrons, recorded by CMS, and light nuclei and their anti-nuclei, recorded by ALICE, at 0.9 TeV, 2.76 TeV, 7 TeV and 13 TeV centre of mass energies in pp collision at mid…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2024-11-14 Murad Badshah , Muhammad Waqas , Ahmed M. Khubrani , Muhammad Ajaz

It has been recently noticed that transverse momenta ($p_T$) distributions observed in high energy production processes exhibit remarkably universal scaling behavior. This is seen when they are in some suitable variable, replacing the usual…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2015-04-03 M. Rybczynski , Z. Wlodarczyk , G. Wilk

In this work we study the pseudorapidity spectra o charged particles produced in proton+proton and proton+antiproton interactions in a wide energy range using the non-extensive Tsallis approach. We evaluate the inelasticity coefficients of…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2020-11-13 Zbigniew Włodarczyk , Maciej Rybczyński

The coupled entropy is proven to correct a flaw in the derivation of the Tsallis entropy and thereby solidify the theoretical foundations for analyzing the uncertainty of complex systems. The Tsallis entropy originated from considering…

机器学习 · 统计学 2025-11-25 Kenric P. Nelson

Quasi-power law ensembles are discussed from the perspective of nonextensive Tsallis distributions characterized by a nonextensive parameter $q$. A number of possible sources of such distributions are presented in more detail. It is further…

统计力学 · 物理学 2023-07-19 Grzegorz Wilk , Zbigniew Włodarczyk

Multiplicity and pseudorapidity ($\eta$) density ($dN_{\rm ch}/d\eta$) distributions of charged hadrons provide key information towards understanding the particle production mechanisms and initial conditions of high-energy heavy-ion…

核实验 · 物理学 2020-11-16 Sumit Basu , Sanchari Thakur , Tapan K. Nayak , Claude A. Pruneau

The q-exponential distributions, which are generalizations of the Zipf-Mandelbrot power-law distribution, are frequently encountered in complex systems at their stationary states. From the viewpoint of the principle of maximum entropy, they…

统计力学 · 物理学 2009-11-07 Sumiyoshi Abe

A theory is developed for the evolution of the non-equilibrium distribution of quasiparticles when the scattering rate decreases due to particle collisions. We propose a "modified one-collision approximation" which is most effective for…

无序系统与神经网络 · 物理学 2009-11-10 R. N. Gurzhi , A. I. Kopeliovich , A. N. Kalinenko , A. V. Yanovsky , E. N. Bogachek , Uzi Landman , H. Buhmann , L. W. Molenkamp

Charge transfer statistics of quantum particles is obtained by analysing the time evolution of the many-body wave function. Exploiting properly chosen gauge transformations, we construct the probabilities for transfers of a discrete number…

介观与纳米尺度物理 · 物理学 2009-11-07 A. Shelankov , J. Rammer

Changes in the transverse momentum distributions with beam energy are studied using the Tsallis distribution as a parameterization. The dependence of the Tsallis parameters q, T and the volume on beam energy is determined. The Tsallis…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2015-06-17 J. Cleymans

In this paper, the experimental (simulated) transverse momentum spectra of negatively charged pions produced at mid-rapidity in central nucleus-nucleus collisions at the Heavy Ion Synchrotron (SIS), Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC),…

核理论 · 物理学 2018-03-20 Rui-Fang Si , Hui-Ling Li , Fu-Hu Liu

The statistical event-by-event analysis of inelastic interactions of protons in emulsion at 800 GeV reveals the existence of group of events with Gaussian pseudorapidity distributions for produced particles, as suggested by…

核实验 · 物理学 2018-10-18 U. U. Abdurakhmanov , K. G. Gulamov , V. V. Lugovoi , V. Sh Navotny

Multiplicity distributions of neutral and charged particles arising from squeezed coherent states are investigated. Projections onto global isospin states are considered. We show how a small amount of squeezing can significantly change the…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2011-08-11 I. M. Dremin , R. C. Hwa