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The psychosis spectrum is associated with structural dysconnectivity concentrated in transmodal association cortex. However, understanding of this pathophysiology has been limited by an exclusive focus on the direct connections to a region.…
Recently, there has been increased interest in fusing multimodal imaging to better understand brain organization. Specifically, accounting for knowledge of anatomical pathways connecting brain regions should lead to desirable outcomes such…
Post-stroke MRI not only delineates focal lesions but also reveals secondary structural changes, such as atrophy and ventricular enlargement. These abnormalities, increasingly recognised as imaging biomarkers of recovery and outcome, remain…
Partial synchronization plays a crucial role in the functioning of neuronal networks: selective, coordinated activation of neurons enables information processing that flexibly adapts to a changing computational context. Since the structure…
In some cases, the function of a lesioned area can be compensated for by another area. However, it remains unpredictable if and by which other area a lesion can be compensated. We assume that similar incoming and outgoing connections are…
Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance, particularly in multilingual contexts. While recent studies suggest that LLMs can transfer skills learned in one language to others, the internal mechanisms behind this…
Conversational speech often reveals early signs of cognitive decline, such as dementia and MCI. In the UK, one in four people belongs to an ethnic minority, and dementia prevalence is expected to rise most rapidly among Black and Asian…
Understanding the relationship between large-scale structural and functional brain networks remains a crucial issue in modern neuroscience. Recently, there has been growing interest in investigating the role of homeostatic plasticity…
The brain may be thought of as a many-body architecture with a spatio-temporal dynamics described by neuronal structures. The oscillatory nature of brain activity allows these structures (nodes) to be described as a set of coupled…
Artificial Neural Networks, the building blocks of AI, were inspired by the human brain's network of neurons. Over the years, these networks have evolved to replicate the complex capabilities of the brain, allowing them to handle tasks such…
Gow's (2012) dual lexicon model suggests that the primary purpose of words is to mediate the mappings between acoustic-phonetic input and other forms of linguistic representation. Motivated by evidence from functional imaging, aphasia, and…
The representations generated by many models of language (word embeddings, recurrent neural networks and transformers) correlate to brain activity recorded while people read. However, these decoding results are usually based on the brain's…
The volume of stroke lesion is the gold standard for predicting the clinical outcome of stroke patients. However, the presence of stroke lesion may cause neural disruptions to other brain regions, and these potentially damaged regions may…
Adult language learning varies greatly among individuals. Traditionally associated with frontotemporal language regions, this variability is increasingly seen as stemming from distributed brain networks. However, the role of these networks…
Understanding how humans process natural language has long been a vital research direction. The field of natural language processing (NLP) has recently experienced a surge in the development of powerful language models. These models have…
Recent analyses combining advanced theoretical techniques and high-quality data from thousands of simultaneously recorded neurons provide strong support for the hypothesis that neural dynamics operate near the edge of instability across…
Ischaemic stroke is a medical condition caused by occlusion of blood supply to the brain tissue thus forming a lesion. A lesion is zoned into a core associated with irreversible necrosis typically located at the center of the lesion, while…
Since stroke is the main cause of various cerebrovascular diseases, deep learning-based stroke lesion segmentation on magnetic resonance (MR) images has attracted considerable attention. However, the existing methods often neglect the…
In neuroscience, functional brain connectivity describes the connectivity between brain regions that share functional properties. Neuroscientists often characterize it by a time series of covariance matrices between functional measurements…
Empirical studies over the past two decades have supported the hypothesis that schizophrenia is characterized by altered connectivity patterns in functional brain networks. These alterations have been proposed as genetically-mediated…