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The transient interplanetary disturbances evoke short time cosmic ray flux decrease which is known as Forbush decrease. The traditional model and understanding of Forbush decrease suggest that the substructure of interplanetary counterpart…

Forbush decreases (Fds) in galactic cosmic ray intensity are related to interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs). The parallel diffusion of particles is reduced because the magnetic turbulence level in sheath region bounded by ICME's…

The large-scale magnetic structure of interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) has been shown to cause decreases in the galactic cosmic ray (GCR) flux measured in situ by spacecraft, known as Forbush decreases (Fds). We use…

Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejections (ICMEs) are known to modify the structure of the solar wind as well as interact with the space environment of planetary systems. Their large magnetic structures have been shown to interact with galactic…

Forbush decreases (FDs) are depletions in the galactic cosmic ray (GCR) count rate that last typically for about a week and can be caused by coronal mass ejections (CMEs) or corotating interacting regions (CIRs). Fast CMEs that drive shocks…

Forbush decreases (FDs), which are short-term drops in the flux of galactic cosmic rays, are caused by the shielding from strong and/or turbulent magnetic structures in the solar wind, especially interplanetary coronal mass ejections…

We investigate the relationship between Forbush decreases (FDs) and associated geomagnetic storms, and their links to interplanetary solar wind parameters, using high-resolution minute data. FDs are classified by main-phase decrease steps…

Aims. Forbush decrease (FD) is a transient decrease followed by a gradual recovery in the observed galactic cosmic ray intensity. We seek to understand the relationship between the FDs and near-Earth interplanetary magnetic field (IMF)…

One of the very common in situ signatures of interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs), as well as other interplanetary transients, are Forbush decreases (FDs), i.e. short-term reductions in the galactic cosmic ray (GCR) flux. A…

Interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) are the interplanetary manifestations of solar eruptions. The overtaken solar wind forms a sheath of compressed plasma at the front of ICMEs. Magnetic clouds (MCs) are a subset of ICMEs with…

We investigate the relation between Forbush cosmic ray decrease recovery time and coronal mass ejection transit time between the Sun and Earth. We identify 17 Forbush decreases from ground based neutron count rates between 1978 and 2003…

Interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) cause Forbush Decreases (FDs) effects, which are local decreases in background galactic cosmic rays (GCR). Even though FDs can be observed with simple particle instruments, their amplitude and…

We study 50 cosmic ray Forbush decreases (FDs) from the Oulu neutron monitor data during 1997-2005 that were associated with Earth-directed interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs). Such events are generally thought to arise due to the…

The large-scale magnetic structure of interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) has been shown to affect the galactic cosmic ray (GCR) flux measured in situ by spacecraft, causing temporary decreases known as Forbush decreases (Fds). In…

We seek to identify the primary agents causing Forbush decreases (FDs) observed at the Earth in high rigidity cosmic rays. In particular, we ask if such FDs are caused mainly by coronal mass ejections (CMEs) from the Sun that are directed…

Cosmic ray Forbush decreases (FDs) are usually thought to be due to Earth-directed coronal mass ejections (CMEs) from the Sun and their associated shocks. When CMEs and their shocks reach the Earth, they cause magnetic field compressions.…

Forbush decreases (FDs) are short-term reductions in galactic cosmic ray flux caused by interplanetary disturbances. During some interplanetary coronal mass ejection (ICME) events, neutron monitor (NM) data also contain variations produced…

The 2025 June 01 Forbush Decrease in the terrestrial ground-level flux of cosmic ray secondaries was recorded by many cosmic ray systems. This was the deepest such decrease, from the quiescent value of the flux, which has been observed in…

The propagation of 15 interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) from Earth's orbit (1 AU) to Mars (~ 1.5 AU) has been studied with their propagation speed estimated from both measurements and simulations. The enhancement of magnetic…

After a prolong and deep solar minimum at the end of solar cycle 23, the current cycle 24 is one of the lowest cycles. The two periods of deep minimum and mini-maximum of the cycle 24 are connected by a period of increasing solar activity.…