相关论文: Le Chatelier principle for out of equilibrium and …
Braun-Le Chatelier principle is a fundamental result of equilibrium thermodynamics, showing how stable equilibrium states shift when external conditions are varied. The principle follows from convexity of thermodynamic potential.…
A new theoretical approach to non-equilibrium statistical systems has recently been proposed by the author, a co-author and others. It is based on a variational principle which is associated with the discrepancy of a path through…
For thermostatted dissipative systems the Fluctuation Theorem gives an analytical expression for the ratio of probabilities that the time averaged entropy production in a finite system observed for a finite time, takes on a specified value…
Equilibrium is a rather ideal situation, the exception rather than the rule in Nature. Whenever the external or internal parameters of a physical system are varied its subsequent relaxation to equilibrium may be either impossible or take…
In self-gravitating stars, two dimensional or geophysical flows and in plasmas, long range interactions imply a lack of additivity for the energy; as a consequence, the usual thermodynamic limit is not appropriate. However, by contrast with…
These lecture notes give a short review of methods such as the matrix ansatz, the additivity principle or the macroscopic fluctuation theory, developed recently in the theory of non-equilibrium phenomena. They show how these methods allow…
Using the theory of large deviations, macroscopic fluctuation theory provides a framework to understand the behaviour of non-equilibrium dynamics and steady states in diffusive systems. We extend this framework to a minimal model of…
For diffusive systems that can be described by fluctuating hydrodynamics and by the Macroscopic Fluctuation Theory of Bertini et al., the total current fluctuations display universal features when the system is closed and in equilibrium.…
We introduce from an experimental point of view the main concepts of fluctuation theorems for work, heat and entropy production in out of equilibrium systems. We will discuss the important difference between the applications of these…
Scaling ideas and renormalization group approaches proved crucial for a deep understanding and classification of critical phenomena in thermal equilibrium. Over the past decades, these powerful conceptual and mathematical tools were…
Using a generalisation of the detailed balance for systems maintained out of equilibrium by contact with 2 reservoirs at unequal temperatures or at unequal densities, we recover the fluctuation theorem for the large deviation funtion of the…
The article investigates a possible influence of the open chemical system reaction to the external impact on the system transition to a new equilibrium. Potential system response is taken as a combination of various powers of the reaction…
The postulational basis of classical thermodynamics has been expanded to incorporate equilibrium fluctuations. The main additional elements of the proposed thermodynamic theory are the concept of quasi-equilibrium states, a definition of…
Boundary conditions may change the phase diagram of non-equilibrium statistical systems like the one-dimensional asymmetric simple exclusion process with and without particle number conservation. Using the quantum Hamiltonian approach, the…
The dynamics of a quantum system coupled to a classical environment and subject to constraints that drive it out of equilibrium is described. The evolution of the system is governed by the quantum-classical Liouville equation. Rather than…
Most systems, when pushed out of equilibrium, respond by building up currents of locally-conserved observables. Understanding how microscopic dynamics determines the averages and fluctuations of these currents is one of the main open…
The expansion of a classical Hamilton formalism consisting in adaptation of it to describe the nonequilibrium systems is offered. Expansion is obtained by construction of formalism on the basis of the dynamics equation of the equilibrium…
The theory of the effect of external fluctuation force on the stability and spatial distribution of mutually interacting and slowly evaporating charged drops, levitated in an electrodynamic balance, is presented using classical…
Stationary non-equilibrium states describe steady flows through macroscopic systems. Although they represent the simplest generalization of equilibrium states, they exhibit a variety of new phenomena. Within a statistical mechanics…
The paper investigates influence of the Le Chatelier response on the chemical system behavior under stress, the shape of its domains of states in terms of static and dynamic bifurcation diagrams, and the system proneness to evolution. The…