相关论文: Spectroscopic analysis of cool giants and supergia…

Known bright S stars, recognized as such by their enhanced s-process abundances and C/O ratio, are typically members of the asymptotic giant branch (AGB) or the red giant branch (RGB). Few modern digital spectra for these objects have been…

Neutron stars are some of the densest manifestations of massive objects in the universe. They are ideal astrophysical laboratories for testing theories of dense matter physics and provide connections among nuclear physics, particle physics…

We propose a comprehensive survey of giant planets ranging from close-in highly irradiated hot Jupiters to young, wide-orbit directly imaged planets. The combination of two established techniques for probing planetary atmospheric…

Observations of intensely bright star-forming galaxies both close by and in the distant Universe at first glance seem to emphasize their similarity. But look a little closer, and differences emerge.

We have identified seven red supergiants (RSGs) in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) and four RSGs in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC), all of which have spectral types that are considerably later than the average type observed in their…

We provide a brief overview of the modelling of the atmospheres of red giant stars with the 3D radiation-hydrodynamics code CO5BOLD. We emphasize aspects where 3D modelling provides additional insight beyond standard hydrostatic 1D models,…

We present infrared spectral indices (1.0-2.3 um) of Galactic late-type giants and red supergiants (RSGs). We used existing and new spectra obtained at resolution power R=2000 with SpeX on the IRTF telescope. While a large CO equivalent…

The nature of the extremely red galaxies is poorly known, the critical issue being whether they are old ellipticals at $z>1.5$ or distant star-forming galaxies strongly reddened by dust extinction. Here we review the little we know about…

In this Chapter we examine the role of the ngVLA to further our understanding of the different manifestations of convective or turbulence-driven stellar activity on red giant and supergiant stars. The combination of high spatial resolution…

K and M giants show variability on timescales from years down to days and possibly even hours. I discuss the contribution that can be made with high-precision photometry that will be obtained by the MONS Star Trackers. These include…

This is a brief overview of the elemental abundance patterns that have been observed in the different Galactic stellar populations. Main focus is on studies that are based on high-resolution spectra of dwarf and subgiant stars, and in some…

A large fraction of the baryons and most of the metals in the Universe are unaccounted for. They likely lie in extended galaxy halos, galaxy groups, and the cosmic web, and measuring their nature is essential to understanding galaxy…

Owing to their extreme crowding and high and variable extinction, stars in the Galactic Bulge, within +-2 degrees of the Galactic plane, and especially those in the Nuclear Star Cluster, have only rarely been targeted for an analyses of…

A collection of modern, field-theoretical equations of state is applied to the investigation of cooling properties of compact stars. These comprise neutron stars as well as hypothetical strange matter stars, made up of absolutely stable…

Betelgeuse is one of the most magnificent stars in the sky, and one of the nearest red supergiants. Astronomers gathered in Paris in the Autumn of 2012 to decide what we know about its structure, behaviour, and past and future evolution,…

Massive stars are at the core of our observations of the Universe up to the reionization epoch, both through their intense ionizing fluxes and through the energetic end products that release fresh elements into the interstellar medium. Our…

Red giant stars are perhaps the most important type of stars for Galactic and extra-galactic archaeology: they are luminous, occur in all stellar populations, and their surface temperatures allow precise abundance determinations for many…

We present a new catalogue of cool supergiants in a section of the Perseus arm, most of which had not been previously identified. To generate it, we have used a set of well-defined photometric criteria to select a large number of candidates…

We explored two aspects of the problem of characterizing cool extrasolar giant planets in scattered optical light with a space based coronagraph. First, for a number of the known radial velocity (RV) giants we computed traditional forward…

I review progress in the past few years in studying the large-scale structure of the universe through redshift surveys of galaxies. Of the many statistical methods used to describe the galaxy distribution, I concentrate here on the power…