相关论文: Surname statistics - Crossing the boundary between…

With the growth in experimental studies in education, policymakers and practitioners are interested in understanding not only what works, but for whom an intervention works. This interest in the generalizability of a study's findings has…

We consider a neutral haploid population whose generations are not overlapping and whose size is large and constantly of $N$ individuals. Any generation is replaced by a new one and any individual has a single parent. We do not choose the…

We point out that the traditional notion of test statistic is too narrow, and we propose a natural generalization that is arguably maximal. The study is restricted to simple statistical hypotheses.

It is supposed that the exponential multiplier in the method of the non-equilibrium statistical operator (Zubarev`s approach) can be considered as a distribution density of the past lifetime of the system, and can be replaced by an…

The paper aims to give an overview of various approaches to statistical disclosure control based on random noise that are currently being discussed for official population statistics and censuses. A particular focus is on a stringent…

The aim of this paper is twofold. First, three theoretical principles are formalized: randomization, overrepresentation and restriction. We develop these principles and give a rationale for their use in choosing the sampling design in a…

Speciation is of fundamental importance to understanding the huge diversity of life on Earth. In contrast to current phenomenological models, we develop a biophysically motivated approach to study speciation involving the co-evolution of…

It is not uncommon, e.g. in the media, that specific groups are categorized as being racist. Based on an extensive dataset of intermarriage statistics our study questions the legitimacy of such characterizations. It suggests that, far from…

Nurses should rely on the best evidence, but tend to struggle with statistics, impeding research integration into clinical practice. Statistical significance, a key concept in classical statistics, and its primary metric, the p-value, are…

A new formulation of quantum mechanics is proposed based on a new principle that can be considered a generalization of the Born rule. The principle is composed of a mathematical expression and an associated interpretation, and establishes a…

We give a simple statistical proof of a binomial identity, by evaluating the Laplace transform of the maximum of n independent exponential random variables in two different ways. As a by product, we obtain a simple proof of an interesting…

Random matrix theory (RMT) is based on two assumptions: (1) matrix-element independence, and (2) base invariance. Most of the proposed generalizations keep the first assumption and violate the second. Recently, several authors presented…

The assumption of normality in data has been considered in the field of statistical analysis for a long time. However, in many practical situations, this assumption is clearly unrealistic. It has recently been suggested that the use of…

The ability to share social network data at the level of individual connections is beneficial to science: not only for reproducing results, but also for researchers who may wish to use it for purposes not foreseen by the data releaser.…

We show that size-rank distributions with power-law decay (often only over a limited extent) observed in a vast number of instances in a widespread family of systems obey Tsallis statistics. The theoretical framework for these distributions…

This paper contains some estimates for the {\it integral-uniform} norm and the uniform norm of a wide class of random polynomials. The family of integral-uniform norms introduced by Kasin and Tzafriri is a natural generalization of the…

The measurement and analysis of human sex and gender is a nuanced problem with many overlapping considerations including statistical bias, data privacy, and the ethical treatment of study subjects. Traditionally, human gender and sex have…

Organisms and algorithms learn probability distributions from previous observations, either over evolutionary time or on the fly. In the absence of regularities, estimating the underlying distribution from data would require observing each…

The reconstruction of the parameter of the model by the measurement of the random variable depending on this parameter is one of the main tasks of statistics. In the paper the notion of the statistically dual distributions is introduced.…

This article attempts to place the emergence of probabilistic numerics as a mathematical-statistical research field within its historical context and to explore how its gradual development can be related both to applications and to a modern…