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Background: Multiple imputation is often used to reduce bias and gain efficiency when there is missing data. The most appropriate imputation method depends on the model the analyst is interested in fitting. Several imputation approaches…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2022-11-29 Matthew J. Smith , Matteo Quartagno , Edmund Njeru Njagi

Missing data is a ubiquitous challenge in data analysis, often leading to biased and inaccurate results. Traditional imputation methods usually assume that the missingness mechanism is missing-at-random (MAR), where the missingness is…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2026-03-30 Huiming Xie , Fei Xue , Xiao Wang

Presence of missing values in a dataset can adversely affect the performance of a classifier. Single and Multiple Imputation are normally performed to fill in the missing values. In this paper, we present several variants of combining…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-10-16 Shehroz S. Khan , Amir Ahmad , Alex Mihailidis

Propensity score matching (PSM) has been widely used to mitigate confounding in observational studies, although complications arise when the covariates used to estimate the PS are only partially observed. Multiple imputation (MI) is a…

应用统计 · 统计学 2021-07-22 Albee Y. Ling , Maria E. Montez-Rath , Maya B. Mathur , Kris Kapphahn , Manisha Desai

Mediation analysis is widely used for exploring treatment mechanisms; however, it faces challenges when nonignorable missing confounders are present. Efficient inference of mediation effects and the efficiency loss due to nonignorable…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2026-04-22 Jiawei Shan , Wei Li , Chunrong Ai

International comparisons of hierarchical time series data sets based on survey data, such as annual country-level estimates of school enrollment rates, can suffer from large amounts of missing data due to differing coverage of surveys…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2025-03-31 Daphne H. Liu , Adrian E. Raftery

Causal mediation analysis is an important statistical tool to quantify effects transmitted by intermediate variables from a cause to an outcome. There is a gap in mediation analysis methods to handle mixture mediator data that are…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2025-07-22 Meilin Jiang , Seonjoo Lee , A. James O'Malley , Pengfei Li , Zhigang Li

Mediation analysis is a form of causal inference that investigates indirect effects and causal mechanisms. Confidence intervals for indirect effects play a central role in conducting inference. The problem is non-standard leading to…

计量经济学 · 经济学 2024-12-17 Kees Jan van Garderen , Noud van Giersbergen

Marginal structural models (MSMs) are commonly used to estimate causal intervention effects in longitudinal non-randomised studies. A common issue when analysing data from observational studies is the presence of incomplete confounder data,…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2019-12-02 Clemence Leyrat , James R Carpenter , Sebastien Bailly , Elizabeth J Willamson

Missing data arise in most applied settings and are ubiquitous in electronic health records (EHR). When data are missing not at random (MNAR) with respect to measured covariates, sensitivity analyses are often considered. These post-hoc…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2023-07-11 Alexander W. Levis , Rajarshi Mukherjee , Rui Wang , Heidi Fischer , Sebastien Haneuse

Mediation analyses are a statistical tool for testing the hypothesis about how the relationship between two variables may be direct or indirect via a third variable. Assessing statistical significance has been an area of active research;…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2021-06-07 Jason Steffener

The problem of missing data, usually absent incurated and competition-standard datasets, is an unfortunate reality for most machine learning models used in industry applications. Recent work has focused on understanding the nature and the…

Missing data is a significant problem impacting all domains. State-of-the-art framework for minimizing missing data bias is multiple imputation, for which the choice of an imputation model remains nontrivial. We propose a multiple…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2018-02-20 Lovedeep Gondara , Ke Wang

Multiple imputation is a well-established general technique for analyzing data with missing values. A convenient way to implement multiple imputation is sequential regression multiple imputation (SRMI), also called chained equations…

This paper proposes a general multiple imputation approach for analyzing large-scale data with missing values. An imputation model is derived from a joint distribution induced by a latent variable model, which can flexibly capture…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2025-09-26 Siliang Zhang , Yunxiao Chen , Jouni Kuha

Multiple imputation provides an effective way to handle missing data. When several possible models are under consideration for the data, the multiple imputation is typically performed under a single-best model selected from the candidate…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2018-11-30 Gyuhyeong Goh , Jae Kwang Kim

Missing data arises when certain values are not recorded or observed for variables of interest. However, most of the statistical theory assume complete data availability. To address incomplete databases, one approach is to fill the gaps…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2023-08-15 Luis Alejandro Masmela-Caita , Thais Paiva Galletti , Marcos Oliveira Prates

In the analysis of observational data in social sciences and businesses, it is difficult to obtain a "(quasi) single-source dataset" in which the variables of interest are simultaneously observed. Instead, multiple-source datasets are…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2021-09-02 Masaki Mitsuhiro , Takahiro Hoshino

When fitting a generalized linear model -- such as a linear regression, a logistic regression, or a hierarchical linear model -- analysts often wonder how to handle missing values of the dependent variable Y. If missing values have been…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2017-03-27 Paul T. von Hippel

Missing observations are pervasive throughout empirical research, especially in the social sciences. Despite multiple approaches to dealing adequately with missing data, many scholars still fail to address this vital issue. In this paper,…