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The external validity of regression discontinuity designs is crucial for informing policy but is rarely examined in applied work. To advance empirical practice, we propose a joint inference procedure for the treatment effect and its local…

计量经济学 · 经济学 2026-02-17 Yuta Okamoto

This paper studies inference on treatment effects in panel data settings with unobserved confounding. We model outcome variables through a factor model with random factors and loadings. Such factors and loadings may act as unobserved…

计量经济学 · 经济学 2023-12-05 Guido W. Imbens , Davide Viviano

We consider the problem of extrapolating treatment effects across heterogeneous populations (``sites"/``contexts"). We consider an idealized scenario in which the researcher observes cross-sectional data for a large number of units across…

计量经济学 · 经济学 2025-10-03 Konrad Menzel

Estimating causal effects under interference, where the stable unit treatment value assumption is violated, is critical in fields such as regional and public economics. Much of the existing research on causal inference under interference…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2026-02-03 Akihiro Sato , Shonosuke Sugasawa

Policy evaluation in empirical microeconomics has been focusing on estimating the average treatment effect and more recently the heterogeneous treatment effects, often relying on the unconfoundedness assumption. We propose a method based on…

计量经济学 · 经济学 2023-06-06 Wei Tian

The proximal causal inference framework enables the identification and estimation of causal effects in the presence of unmeasured confounding by leveraging two disjoint sets of observed strong proxies: negative control treatments and…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2025-12-16 Antonio Olivas-Martinez , Peter B. Gilbert , Andrea Rotnitzky

Synthetic control (SC) methods are commonly used to estimate the treatment effect on a single treated unit in panel data settings. An SC is a weighted average of control units built to match the treated unit, with weights typically…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2023-02-21 Xu Shi , Kendrick Li , Wang Miao , Mengtong Hu , Eric Tchetgen Tchetgen

In a given randomized experiment, individuals are often volunteers and can differ in important ways from a population of interest. It is thus of interest to focus on the sample at hand. This paper focuses on inference about the sample local…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2024-09-23 Zhen Zhong , Per Johansson , Junni L. Zhang

Empirical researchers are increasingly faced with rich data sets containing many controls or instrumental variables, making it essential to choose an appropriate approach to variable selection. In this paper, we provide results for valid…

机器学习 · 统计学 2021-07-02 Jannis Kueck , Ye Luo , Martin Spindler , Zigan Wang

Estimating treatment effects plays a crucial role in causal inference, having many real-world applications like policy analysis and decision making. Nevertheless, estimating treatment effects in the longitudinal setting in the presence of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-02-22 Defu Cao , James Enouen , Yan Liu

We propose a general approach for inference for a broad class of treatment effect parameters in a setting of a discrete valued treatment and instrument with a general outcome variable. The class of parameters considered are those that can…

计量经济学 · 经济学 2025-11-19 Yuehao Bai , Shunzhuang Huang , Sarah Moon , Andres Santos , Azeem M. Shaikh , Edward J. Vytlacil

Estimating treatment effects conditional on observed covariates can improve the ability to tailor treatments to particular individuals. Doing so effectively requires dealing with potential confounding, and also enough data to adequately…

We develop new econometric methods for estimation and inference in high-dimensional panel data models with interactive fixed effects. Our approach can be regarded as a non-trivial extension of the very popular common correlated effects…

计量经济学 · 经济学 2025-08-11 Maximilian Ruecker , Michael Vogt , Oliver Linton , Christopher Walsh

Much research has been devoted to the problem of estimating treatment effects from observational data; however, most methods assume that the observed variables only contain confounders, i.e., variables that affect both the treatment and the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-04-27 Weijia Zhang , Lin Liu , Jiuyong Li

Causal inference relies on two fundamental assumptions: ignorability and positivity. We study causal inference when the true confounder value can be expressed as a function of the observed data; we call this setting estimation with…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2021-02-18 Aahlad Puli , Adler J. Perotte , Rajesh Ranganath

Matching and weighting methods for observational studies involve the choice of an estimand, the causal effect with reference to a specific target population. Commonly used estimands include the average treatment effect in the treated (ATT),…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2023-07-12 Noah Greifer , Elizabeth A. Stuart

We study identifying and estimating the causal effect of a treatment variable on a long-term outcome using data from an observational and an experimental domain. The observational data are subject to unobserved confounding. Furthermore,…

We consider the problem of estimating a dose-response curve. Continuous treatments arise often in practice, e.g. in the form of time spent on an operation, distance traveled to a location or dosage of a drug. Letting $A$ denote a continuous…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2026-04-14 Matteo Bonvini , Edward H. Kennedy

Estimating heterogeneous treatment effects has become increasingly important in many fields and life and death decisions are now based on these estimates: for example, selecting a personalized course of medical treatment. Recently, a…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2019-04-01 Sören R. Künzel , Simon J. S. Walter , Jasjeet S. Sekhon

We study the problem of selecting the best heterogeneous treatment effect (HTE) estimator from a collection of candidates in settings where the treatment effect is fundamentally unobserved. We cast estimator selection as a multiple testing…

机器学习 · 统计学 2025-11-25 Jiayi Guo , Zijun Gao