相关论文: Cooling by heating in a mesoscopic two-state devic…
The dynamics of Lennard-Jones fluid is studied through extended mode coupling theory (MCT) with the inclusion of the slow mode of defect density. Inclusion of defect density facilitates the liquid like state for temperatures much lower than…
We present results of including heating and cooling in cosmological simulations of the $\Lambda$CDM cosmology and demonstrate their effects on scaling laws of galaxy clusters. The scaling relations when radiative cooling is included are in…
A lightsail can be accelerated to ultra-high speed by the radiation pressure of a laser having an intensity of the order of GW/m$^2$, which though presents a critical challenge in the thermal management of lightsails. In this letter, we…
The Dulong-Petit limiting law for the specific heats of solids, one of the first general results in thermodynamics, has provided Mendeleev with a powerful tool for devising the periodic table and gave an important support to Boltzmann's…
Isoenergetic thermalization amongst $n$ bodies is a well-known irreversible process, bringing the bodies to a common temperature $T_F$ and leading to a rise in the total entropy of the bodies. We express this change in entropy using the…
In this paper we simulate a two dimensional relativistic ideal gas by implementing a relativistic elastic binary collision algorithm. We show that the relativistic gas faithfully obeys J\"uttner's speed distribution function. Furthermore,…
We study two small quantum systems coupled to the same reservoir which is in thermal equilibrium. By studying the particle density and the energy density in the two systems before and after they contact each other, we find that the two…
A corollary of the third law of thermodynamics is that the heat capacities of a system approach zero as the temperature approaches absolute zero Kevin. Many have attempted to take the corollary as the third law, but two counterexamples has…
Microcanonical thermodynamics allows the application of statistical mechanics both to finite and even small systems and also to the largest, self-gravitating ones. However, one must reconsider the fundamental principles of statistical…
Traditional discussions of the Second Law of Thermodynamics studied the limits of very specific types of devices, such as heat engines, chemical reactions, and molecules channeled by valves. Allahverdyan and Nieuwenhuizen (cond-mat/0110422)…
A novel laser cooling mechanism based on many body effects is presented. The method can be applicable for cooling a large class of atoms and molecules in higher density than commonly excepted by existing methods. The cooling mechanism…
We propose a laser cooling mechanism that leads to a temperature significantly lower than the single-photon recoil limit, about $4\times 10^{-4}\,E_{r}$. This mechanism benefits from sharp and high-contrast spectra which are induced by…
A theory of local temperature measurement of an interacting quantum electron system far from equilibrium via a floating thermoelectric probe is developed. It is shown that the local temperature so defined is consistent with the zeroth,…
We analyse diffusion at low temperature by bringing the fluctuation-dissipation theorem (FDT) to bear on a physically natural, viscous response-function R(t). The resulting diffusion-law exhibits several distinct regimes of time and…
Recent experiments have demonstrated the ability to optically cool a macroscopic mechanical oscillator to its quantum ground state by means of dynamic backaction. Such experiments allow quantum mechanics to be tested with mesoscopic…
The energy transfer among the components in a gas determines its fate. Especially at low temperatures, inelastic collisions drive the cooling and the heating mechanisms. In the early Universe as well as in zero- or low- metallicity…
We argue that the entanglement entropy for a very small subsystem obeys a property which is analogous to the first law of thermodynamics when we excite the system. In relativistic setups, its effective temperature is proportional to the…
We propose a new formulation of stochastic thermodynamics for systems subjected to nonequilibrium constraints (i.e. broken detailed balance at steady state) and furthermore driven by external time-dependent forces. A splitting of the second…
The approximate mathematical model for a cooling of the particle in a volatile liquid is developed and analyzed. Despite the precise model is complex and requires the solution of the nonstationary two-phase flow equations with the…
This paper is a non-technical, informal presentation of our theory of the second law of thermodynamics as a law that is independent of statistical mechanics and that is derivable solely from certain simple assumptions about adiabatic…