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The starting point of this work is the original Einstein action, sometimes called the Gamma squared action. Continuing from our previous results, we study various modified theories of gravity following the Palatini approach. The metric and…
Urban mobility plays a crucial role in the functioning of cities, influencing economic activity, accessibility, and quality of life. However, the effectiveness of analytical models in understanding urban mobility patterns can be…
Dynamical phenomena such as infectious diseases are often investigated by following up subjects longitudinally, thus generating time to event data. The spatial aspect of such data is also of primordial importance, as many infectious…
Holography has provided valuable insights into the time evolution of strongly coupled gauge theories in a fixed spacetime. However, this framework is insufficient if this spacetime is dynamical. We present a scheme to evolve a…
Quantifying relationships between components of a complex system is critical to understanding the rich network of interactions that characterize the behavior of the system. Traditional methods for detecting pairwise dependence of time…
Temporal-network models have provided key insights into how time-varying connectivity shapes dynamical processes such as spreading. Among them, the activity-driven model is a widely used, analytically tractable benchmark. Yet many temporal…
Sensors are the key to environmental monitoring, which impart benefits to smart cities in many aspects, such as providing real-time air quality information to assist human decision-making. However, it is impractical to deploy massive…
Since many physical laws -- from classical mechanics to electromagnetism -- are formulated as two-body interactions, the same perspective naturally extends to biological and social dynamics. Here we focus on rhythmic phenomena, where phase…
Real-time safety analysis has become a hot research topic as it can reveal the relationship between real-time traffic characteristics and crash occurrence more accurately, and these results could be applied to improve active traffic…
A better understanding of interactive pedestrian behavior in critical traffic situations is essential for the development of enhanced pedestrian safety systems. Real-world traffic observations play a decisive role in this, since they…
Spatial and spatiotemporal volatility models are a class of models designed to capture spatial dependence in the volatility of spatial and spatiotemporal data. Spatial dependence in the volatility may arise due to spatial spillovers among…
Collective motion in animal groups, such as swarms of insects, flocks of birds, and schools of fish, are some of the most visually striking examples of emergent behavior. Empirical analysis of these behaviors in experiment or computational…
We address the challenging task of human reaction generation, which aims to generate a corresponding reaction based on an input action. Most of the existing works do not focus on generating and predicting the reaction and cannot generate…
Predicting the outcomes of cyber-physical systems with multiple human interactions is a challenging problem. This article reviews a game theoretical approach to address this issue, where reinforcement learning is employed to predict the…
Travel activities have been widely applied to quantify spatial interactions between places, regions and nations. In this paper, we model the spatial connectivities between 652 Traffic Analysis Zones (TAZs) in Beijing by a taxi OD dataset.…
We present an improved method for calculating the parallel and perpendicular velocity correlation functions directly from peculiar velocity surveys using weighted maximum-likelihood estimators. A central feature of the new method is the use…
Teleparallel based cosmological models provide a description of gravity in which torsion is the mediator of gravitation. Several extensions have been made within the so-called Teleparallel equivalent of general relativity which is…
Modified theories of gravity have been invoked recently as an alternative to dark energy, in an attempt to explain the apparent accelerated expansion of the universe at the present time. In order to describe inhomogeneities in cosmological…
Based on local gauge invariance, four different kinds of fundamental interactions in Nature are unified in a theory which has $SU(3)_c \otimes SU(2)_L \otimes U(1) \otimes_s Gravitational Gauge Group$ gauge symmetry. In this approach,…
Humans can synchronize with musical events whilst coordinating their movements with others. Interpersonal entrainment phenomena, such as dance, involve multiple body parts and movement directions. Along with being multidimensional, dance…