相关论文: Observation of inhibited electron-ion coupling in …
Electron-ion interactions play a central role for the energy relaxation processes and ultra-fast structure dynamics in laser-heated matter. The accurate prediction of the electron-ion energy exchange in a transient excited two-temperature…
Electrical currents in low-dimensional quantum materials can drive electrons far from equilibrium, creating stark imbalance between electron and lattice temperatures. Yet, no existing methods enable simultaneous nanoscale mapping of both…
Formation of swift heavy ion tracks requires extremely fast energy transfer between excited electrons and a lattice. However, electron-phonon energy exchange is too slow, as known from laser-irradiation experiments and calculations. We…
Hot electrons formed in a graphene crystal by high-intensity short-duration laser pulses can exist for a time that is less than an electron-phonon energy relaxation time. During that time, electron-electron collisions cause the electrons to…
We propose a kinetic model of transient nonequilibrium phenomena in metals exposed to ultrashort laser pulses when heated electrons affect the lattice through direct electron-phonon interaction. This model describes the destruction of a…
Long lifetimes of hot carriers can lead to qualitatively new types of responses in materials. The magnitude and time scales for these responses reflect the mechanisms governing energy flows. We examine the microscopics of two processes…
The heating of electrons in graphene by laser irradiation, and its effects on the lattice structure, are studied. Values for the temperature of the electron system in realistic situations are obtained. For sufficiently high electron…
We demonstrate that in confined plasmonic metal structures subject to ultra-fast laser excitation electron thermal diffusion can provide relaxation faster than the energy transfer to the lattice. This relaxation occurs due to excitation of…
Characteristic properties of secondary electrons emitted from irradiated two-dimensional materials arise from multi-length and time-scale relaxation processes that connect the initial non-equilibrium excited electron distribution with their…
Femtosecond X-ray irradiation of solids excites energetic photoelectrons that thermalize on a timescale of a few hundred femtoseconds. The thermalized electrons exchange energy with the lattice and heat it up. Experiments with X-ray…
At high dissipation levels, vortex motion in a superconducting film has been observed to become unstable at a certain critical vortex velocity v*. At substrate temperatures substantially below Tc, the observed behavior can be accounted for…
Extreme electron-ion non-equilibrium states, generated by ultrafast laser excitation, lead to melting processes that are fundamentally different from those under conventional thermal equilibrium and remain not fully understood. Through…
We study inelastic energy relaxation in graphene for low energies to find out how electrons scatter with acoustic phonons and other electrons. By coupling the graphene to superconductors, we create a strong dependence of the measured…
We present a theory for the rate of energy exchange between electrons and ions -- also known as the electron-ion coupling factor -- in physical systems ranging from hot solid metals to plasmas, including liquid metals and warm dense matter.…
Magnetic reconnection and associated heating of ions and electrons in strongly magnetised, weakly collisional plasmas are studied by means of gyrokinetic simulations. It is shown that an appreciable amount of the released magnetic energy is…
The physical mechanisms for damage formation in graphite films induced by femtosecond laser pulses are analyzed using a microscopic electronic theory. We describe the nonequilibrium dynamics of electrons and lattice by performing molecular…
We investigate thermal instability in an electron-ion magnetized plasma relevant to galaxy clusters, solar corona, and other two-component astrophysical objects. We apply the multicomponent plasma approach when the dynamics of all the…
The charge states of ions in dense plasmas fluctuate due to collisional ionization and recombination. Here we show how, by modifying the ion interaction potential, these fluctuations can mediate energy exchange between the plasma electrons…
We use ultrafast electron crystallography to study structural changes induced in graphite by a femtosecond laser pulse. At moderate fluences of ~< 21mJ/cm^2, lattice vibrations are observed to thermalize on a time scale of ~8ps. At higher…
A recent and unexpected discrepancy between \textit{ab initio} simulations and the interpretation of a laser shock experiment on aluminum, probed by X-ray Thomson scattering (XRTS), is addressed. The ion-ion structure factor deduced from…