相关论文: Thermodynamics and kinetics of elementary particle…
We solve Einstein's equation with Robertson-Walker metric as an initial-value problem, using as the source of gravity a Halpern-Huang real scalar field, which was derived from renormalization-group analysis, with a potential that exhibits…
We clarify that chemical and kinetic equilibration in the early Universe are distinct: neither implies the other, and the ordering of their decouplings need not be universal. We illustrate this with Standard-Model neutrino decoupling,…
The connection between cosmological observations and neutrino physics is discussed in detail. Neutrinos decouple from thermal contact in the early Universe at a temperature of order 1 MeV which coincides with the temperature where light…
An overview is given of the current status of the theory and observations of the acceleration of the expansion of the observable part of the Universe. Contents 1. Historical Introduction 2. Friedmann equations and cosmological acceleration…
The Friedmann-Robertson-Walker metric with spherical topology is calculated as an effective metric at the brane in a multiple branes in $D-$dimensional spacetime scenario. In this model the radius of the brane is the cosmological scale…
We investigate the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) universe (containing dark energy) as a non-equilibrium (irreversible) thermodynamical system by considering the power-law correction to the horizon entropy. By taking power-law entropy…
We study the cosmology on the Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker background in scalar-vector-tensor theories with a broken $U(1)$ gauge symmetry. For parity-invariant interactions arising in scalar-vector-tensor theories with second-order…
We study the thermodynamics of some cosmological models based on modified gravity, a braneworld with induced gravity and curvature effect. Dark energy component seems necessary if the models are to approach thermal equilibrium in the long…
The standard big bang cosmological model and the history of the early universe according to the grand unified theories of strong, weak and electromagnetic interactions are summarized. The shortcomings of big bang are discussed together with…
Theoretical investigations into the evolution of the early universe are an essential part of particle physics that allow us to identify viable extensions to the Standard Model as well as motivated parameter space that can be probed by…
We apply the first law of thermodynamics to the apparent horizon of the universe with the power-law corrected and non-extensive Tsallis entropies rather than the Bekenstein-Hawking one. We examine the cosmological properties in the two…
This is a brief review for particle physicists on cosmological impact of neutrinos and on restrictions on neutrino properties from cosmology. The paper includes discussion of upper bounds on neutrino mass and possible ways to relax them,…
First order rotational perturbations of the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker metric are considered in the framework of the brane-world cosmological models. A rotation equation, relating the perturbations of the metric tensor to the angular…
Classical thermodynamics is unrivalled in its range of applications and relevance to everyday life. It enables a description of complex systems, made up of microscopic particles, in terms of a small number of macroscopic quantities, such as…
We develop a cosmological theory in which the evolution of the universe is controlled by the cosmological constant and dominated by the associated vacuum energy. The universe starts as a classical de Sitter space with an infinite effective…
A basic modern picture of the universe is given here. The lectures start from the historical ideas of a static universe. Then I move on to Newtonian cosmology and derive the main cosmological equations in the framework of Newtonian…
We discuss the dynamical effects of bulk viscosity and particle creation on the early evolution of the Friedmann -Robertson -Walker model in the framework of open thermodynamical systems. We consider bulk viscosity and Particle creation as…
The physics of the mysterious and stealthy neutrino is at the heart of many phenomena in the cosmos. These particles interact with matter and with each other through the aptly named weak interaction. At typical astrophysical energies the…
Previously, the Einstein equation has been described as an equation of state, general relativity as the equilibrium state of gravity, and $f({\cal R})$ gravity as a non-equilibrium one. We apply Eckart's first order thermodynamics to the…
In this paper we employ a recent proposal of C. Tsallis and formulate the first law of thermodynamics for gravitating systems in terms of the extensive but non-additive entropy. We pay a particular attention to an integrating factor for the…