相关论文: Formally Checking Large Data Sets in the Railways

We formalize automated analysis techniques for the validation of web services specified in BPEL and a RBAC variant tailored to BPEL. The idea is to use decidable fragments of first-order logic to describe the state space of a certain class…

We introduce a model of probabilistic verification in mechanism design. The principal elicits a message from the agent and then selects a test to give the agent. The agent's true type determines the probability with which he can pass each…

Establishing the absence of deadlocks is important in many applications of formal methods. The use of model checking for finding deadlocks in formal models is often limited. In this paper we propose a constraint-based approach to finding…

The HSA Foundation has produced the HSA Platform System Architecture Specification that goes a long way towards addressing the need for a clear and consistent method for specifying weakly consistent memory. HSA is specified in a natural…

Program logics are a powerful formal method in the context of program verification. Can we develop a counterpart of program logics in the context of language verification? This paper proposes language logics, which allow for statements of…

This article examines the use of the Prolog language for writing verification, analysis and transformation tools. Guided by experience in teaching and the development of verification tools like ProB or specialisation tools like ECCE and…

The use of Large Language Models (LLMs) has drawn growing interest within the scientific community. LLMs can handle large volumes of textual data and support methods for evidence synthesis. Although recent studies highlight the potential of…

As large language models continue to be widely developed, robust uncertainty quantification techniques will become crucial for their safe deployment in high-stakes scenarios. In this work, we explore how conformal prediction can be used to…

Validation is a central activity when developing formal specifications. Similarly to coding, a possible validation technique is to define upfront test cases or scenarios that a future specification should satisfy or not. Unfortunately,…

Several methods have been proposed for classifying long textual documents using Transformers. However, there is a lack of consensus on a benchmark to enable a fair comparison among different approaches. In this paper, we provide a…

Large Language Models (LLMs) changed the way we design and interact with software systems. Their ability to process and extract information from text has drastically improved productivity in a number of routine tasks. Developers that want…

Requirements engineering is a knowledge intensive process and crucial for the success of engineering projects. The field of knowledge-based requirements engineering (KBRE) aims to support engineers by providing knowledge to assist in the…

Training large language models (LLMs) at scale requires parallel execution across thousands of devices, incurring enormous computational costs. Yet, these costly distributed trainings are rarely verified, leaving them prone to silent errors…

This paper is a brief introduction to our recently initiated project named VERIFAI: Traceability and verification of natural language requirements. The project addresses the challenges in the traceability and verification of formal…

Predicting future events is an important activity with applications across multiple fields and domains. For example, the capacity to foresee stock market trends, natural disasters, business developments, or political events can facilitate…

A bitmap is a data structure designed to compactly represent sets of integers; it provides very fast operations for querying and manipulating such sets, exploiting bit-level parallelism. In this paper, we describe a technique for the…

This paper investigates models of event implications. Specifically, how well models predict entity state-changes, by targeting their understanding of physical attributes. Nominally, Large Language models (LLM) have been exposed to…

Machine learning models for text classification are trained to predict a class for a given text. To do this, training and validation samples must be prepared: a set of texts is collected, and each text is assigned a class. These classes are…

In the railway domain, an interlocking is a computerised system that controls the railway signalling objects in order to allow a safe operation of the train traffic. Each interlocking makes use of particular data, called application data,…

This paper describes a formal semantics for the Event-B specification language using the theory of institutions. We define an institution for Event-B, EVT, and prove that it meets the validity requirements for satisfaction preservation and…