相关论文: Photoactivation of neurons by laser-generated loca…
Transcranial photobiomodulation is an optical method for non-invasive brain stimulation. The method projects red and near-infrared light through the scalp within 600-1100 nm and low energy within the 1-20 J/cm2 range. Recent studies have…
Infrared neural stimulation (INS) pulses at water-absorbed mid-IR wavelengths could provide a non-invasive and safe modality for stimulating peripheral and cranial nerves and central nervous system neurons. The excitation mechanism…
A salient feature of prefrontal cortex organization is the vast diversity of cell types that support the temporal integration of events required for sculpting future responses. A major obstacle in understanding the routing of information…
Precise spatial and temporal manipulation of neural activity in specific genetically defined cell populations is now possible with the advent of optogenetics. The emerging field of optogenetics consists of a set of naturally-occurring and…
Objective: Optogenetic manipulations of excitable cells enable activating or silencing specific types of neurons. By expressing two types of exogenous proteins, a single neuron can be depolarized using light of one wavelength and…
Photonic neural networks benefit from both the high channel capacity- and the wave nature of light acting as an effective weighting mechanism through linear optics. The neuron's activation function, however, requires nonlinearity which can…
Stimulation of specific neurons expressing opsins in a targeted region to manipulate brain function has proved to be a powerful tool in neuroscience. However, the use of visible light for optogenetic stimulation is invasive due to low…
Optogenetics has emerged as an exciting tool for manipulating neural activity, which in turn, can modulate behavior in live organisms. However, detecting the response to the optical stimulation requires electrophysiology with physical…
In recent years, numerous research efforts have been dedicated towards developing efficient implantable devices for brain stimulation. However, there are limitations and challenges with the current technologies. Firstly, the stimulation of…
Experiments with networks of optogenetically altered neurons require stimulation with high spatio-temporal selectivity. Computer-assisted holography is an energy-efficient method for robust and reliable addressing of single neurons on the…
Neural networks are one of the first major milestones in developing artificial intelligence systems. The utilisation of integrated photonics in neural networks offers a promising alternative approach to microelectronic and hybrid…
Interfacing artificial functional materials and living neuronal tissues is at the forefront of bio-nano-technology. Attempts have been so far based onto microscale processing of metals and inorganic semiconductors as electrodes or…
Cell assemblies manipulation by optogenetics is pivotal to advance neuroscience and neuroengineering. In in vivo applications, photostimulation often broadly addresses a population of cells simultaneously, leading to feed-forward and to…
Recently integrated optics has become an intriguing platform for implementing machine learning algorithms and inparticular neural networks. Integrated photonic circuits can straightforwardly perform vector-matrix multiplicationswith high…
We report a multi-modal spiking neuron that allows optical and electronic input and control, and wavelength-multiplexing operation, for use in novel high-speed neuromorphic sensing and computing functionalities. The photonic-electronic…
There has been a recent surge of interest in the implementation of linear operations such as matrix multipications using photonic integrated circuit technology. However, these approaches require an efficient and flexible way to perform…
We investigate theoretically a nuclear excitation mechanism involving absorption of non-resonant photons leveraged by the coupling to the atomic shell. The nuclear non-resonant photoexcitation is assisted by electron recombination which…
Optical or electrical stimulation of neural circuits in mice during natural behavior is an important paradigm for studying brain function. Conventional systems for optogenetics and electrical microstimulation require tethers or large…
Mitochondrial research is important to ageing, apoptosis, and mitochondrial diseases. In previous works, mitochondria are usually stimulated indirectly by proapoptotic drugs to study mitochondrial development, which is in lack of…
Over the past decade, techniques enabling bidirectional modulation of neuronal activity with single cell precision have rapidly advanced in the form of two-photon optogenetic stimulation. Unlike conventional electrophysiological approaches…