相关论文: Entropy Change in the Carnot Cycle: Entropy in the…

In this paper we present an invariant perturbation theory to adiabatic process according to the concepts of adiabatic orbits, adiabatic evolution orbit and U(1)-invariant adiabatic orbit. The probabilities of keeping the adiabatic orbit in…

Different techniques to speed up quantum adiabatic processes are currently being explored for applications in atomic, molecular and optical physics, such as transport, cooling and expansions, wavepacket splitting, or internal state control.…

We define an entropy for a quantum field theory by combining quantum fluctuations, scaling and the maximum entropy concept. This entropy has different behavior in asymptotically free and non--asymptotically free theories. We find that the…

In closed quantum many-body systems, initially localized information spreads throughout the system and becomes highly complex. This phenomenon, known as information scrambling, is closely related to entropy growth and quantum…

A sweep through a quantum phase transition by means of a time-dependent external parameter (e.g., pressure) entails non-equilibrium phenomena associated with a break-down of adiabaticity: At the critical point, the energy gap vanishes and…

Originally, the Carnot cycle is a theoretical thermodynamic cycle that provides an upper limit on the efficiency that any classical thermodynamic engine can achieve during the conversion of heat into work, or conversely, the efficiency of a…

Entropy change in exclusive quark combination models is not an isolated problem. Contrary to adding and tuning some parameters to the relevant model(s) to fix the entropy, we show that it relates to the most general principles. Unitarity of…

The total entropy production of a trajectory can be split into an adiabatic and a non-adiabatic contribution, deriving respectively from the breaking of detailed balance via nonequilibrium boundary conditions or by external driving. We show…

A first principles analysis of an open system thermodynamical Carnot cycle is provided, and the results are compared to those proposed by Gibbs for open systems. The Kelvin-Clausius statement concerning heat transfer for reversible cycles…

Large entropy fluctuations in an equilibrium steady state of classical mechanics were studied in extensive numerical experiments on a simple 2--freedom strongly chaotic Hamiltonian model described by the modified Arnold cat map. The rise…

Periodic driving can create topological phases of matter absent in static systems. In terms of the displacement of the position expectation value of a time-evolving wavepacket in a closed system, a type of adiabatic dynamics in periodically…

Adiabatic passage employs a slowly varying time-dependent Hamiltonian to control the evolution of a quantum system along the Hamiltonian eigenstates. For processes of finite duration, the exact time evolving state may deviate from the…

A companion article analyzed very weakly first-order phase transitions in the cubic anisotropy model using $\eps$ expansion techniques. We extend that analysis to a calculation of the relative discontinuity of specific heat across the…

Entropy is a quantity which is of great importance in physics and chemistry. The concept comes out of thermodynamics, proposed by Rudolf Clausius in his analysis of Carnot cycle and linked by Ludwig Boltzmann to the number of specific ways…

The previous investigation on Rayleigh-B\'enard convection of a dilute classical gas [T. Kita: J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. {\bf 75} (2006) 124005] is extended to calculate entropy change of the convective transition with the rigid boundaries. We…

In nonequilibrium thermodynamics macroscopic entropy creation plays an important role. Here we study, from various viewpoints, its relation with the phase space contraction, which has been recently proposed as an apparently alternative…

The appearance of so-called exceptional points in the complex spectra of non-Hermitian systems is often associated with phenomena that contradict our physical intuition. One example of particular interest is the state-exchange process…

An experimental effort was conducted to measure the change in internal energy of non-ideal carbon dioxide as its volume rapidly expanded with the sudden opening of a valve from one to two compressed gas cylinders. This was achieved by…

`Entropy' appears as driving force in many different evolution equations, both deterministic and stochastic, and in these equations this `entropy' also takes different forms. We show how all these examples can be understood as different…

The historical development of the Carnot cycle necessitated the construction of isothermal and adiabatic pathways within the cycle that were also mechanically "reversible" which lead eventually to the Kelvin-Clausius development of the…