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Quantum key distribution (QKD) together with one time pad encoding can provide information-theoretical security for communication. Currently, though QKD has been widely deployed in many metropolitan fiber networks, its implementation in a…

量子物理 · 物理学 2018-09-10 Qiang Zhang , Feihu Xu , Yu-Ao Chen , Cheng-Zhi Peng , Jian-Wei Pan

Quantum key distribution (QKD) allows Alice and Bob to agree on a shared secret key, while communicating over a public (untrusted) quantum channel. Compared to classical key exchange, it has two main advantages: (i) The key is…

量子物理 · 物理学 2024-01-03 Giulio Malavolta , Michael Walter

Quantum key distribution (QKD) promises unconditionally secure key generation between two distant parties by wisely exploiting properties of quantum mechanics. In QKD, experimental measurements on quantum states are transformed to a secret…

量子物理 · 物理学 2011-05-03 Xiongfeng Ma , Chi-Hang Fred Fung , Jean-Christian Boileau , H. F. Chau

The laws of quantum mechanics allow unconditionally secure key distribution protocols. Nevertheless, security proofs of traditional quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols rely on a crucial assumption, the trustworthiness of the quantum…

量子物理 · 物理学 2014-10-08 Umesh Vazirani , Thomas Vidick

The use of linearly independent signal states in realistic implementations of quantum key distribution (QKD) enables an eavesdropper to perform unambiguous state discrimination. We explore quantitatively the limits for secure QKD imposed by…

量子物理 · 物理学 2009-10-31 Miloslav Dusek , Mika Jahma , Norbert Lütkenhaus

Quantum key distribution (QKD) enables information-theoretic secure communication, yet its ultimate tolerance to noise and achievable transmission distance remain fundamentally constrained. We establish the maximum quantum bit error rate…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-02-27 Stefano Pirandola

In theory, quantum key distribution (QKD) offers information-theoretic security. In practice, however, it does not due to the discrepancies between the assumptions used in the security proofs and the behaviour of the real apparatuses.…

量子物理 · 物理学 2023-03-29 Margarida Pereira , Go Kato , Akihiro Mizutani , Marcos Curty , Kiyoshi Tamaki

Quantum key distribution (QKD) promises information-theoretic security based on quantum mechanics and idealized device models. Practical implementations, however, deviate from these models due to unavoidable device imperfections, and…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-05-14 Álvaro Navarrete , Guillermo Currás-Lorenzo , Margarida Pereira , Marcos Curty

Quantum communication offers unique features that have no classical analog, in particular, it enables provably secure quantum key distribution (QKD). Despite the benefits of quantum communication are well understood within the scientific…

量子物理 · 物理学 2024-03-21 D. Sych , A. Kodukhov , V. Pastushenko , N. Kirsanov , D. Kronberg , M. Pflitsch

Quantum key distribution (QKD) guarantees the secure communication between legitimate parties with quantum mechanics. High-dimensional QKD (HDQKD) not only increases the secret key rate but also tolerates higher quantum bit error rate…

量子物理 · 物理学 2019-03-06 Fang-Xiang Wang , Wei Chen , Zhen-Qiang Yin , Shuang Wang , Guang-Can Guo , Zheng-Fu Han

Quantum key distribution (QKD) enables two remote parties to share encryption keys with information-theoretic security guaranteed by physical laws. Side-channel-secure QKD (SCS-QKD) has attracted considerable attention because it…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-03-17 Yang Zhou , Jing-Yang Liu , Chun-Hui Zhang , Chun-Wang Yi , Teng-Wen Jiang , Le-Chen Xu , Qin Wang

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is a technology that allows secure key exchange between two distant users. A widespread adoption of QKD requires the development of simple, low-cost, and stable systems. However, implementation of the current…

量子物理 · 物理学 2021-05-12 Di Ma , Xin Liu , Chunfeng Huang , Huasheng Chen , Huanbin Lin , Kejin Wei

Standard security proofs of quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols often rely on symmetry arguments. In this paper, we prove the security of a three-state protocol that does not possess rotational symmetry. The three-state QKD protocol we…

量子物理 · 物理学 2007-05-23 Chi-Hang Fred Fung , Hoi-Kwong Lo

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) protocols rely on authenticated classical communication. Typical QKD security proofs are carried out in an idealized setting where authentication is assumed to behave honestly: it never aborts, and all…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-01-27 Devashish Tupkary , Shlok Nahar , Ernest Y. -Z. Tan

All existing quantum cryptosystems use non-orthogonal states as the carriers of information. Non-orthogonal states cannot be cloned (duplicated) by an eavesdropper. In result, any eavesdropping attempt must introduce errors in the…

量子物理 · 物理学 2016-09-08 Lior Goldenberg , Lev Vaidman

With the emergence of an information society, the idea of protecting sensitive data is steadily gaining importance. Conventional encryption methods may not be sufficient to guarantee data protection in the future. Quantum key distribution…

量子物理 · 物理学 2016-09-20 Nitin Jain , Birgit Stiller , Imran Khan , Dominique Elser , Christoph Marquardt , Gerd Leuchs

Quantum key distribution (QKD) has the potential to improve communications security by offering cryptographic keys whose security relies on the fundamental properties of quantum physics. The use of a trusted quantum receiver on an orbiting…

We present three quantum key distribution protocols using entangled state. In the first two protocols, all Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen pairs are used to distribute a secret key except those chosen for eavesdropping check, because the…

量子物理 · 物理学 2007-05-23 Jian Wang , Quan Zhang , Chao-jing Tang

Fiber-based quantum communication networks are currently limited without quantum repeaters. Satellite-based quantum links have been proposed to extend the network domain. We have developed a quantum communication system, suitable for…

量子物理 · 物理学 2022-10-27 Joseph C. Chapman , Charles C. W. Lim , Paul G. Kwiat

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is considered the most immediate application to be widely implemented amongst a variety of potential quantum technologies. QKD enables sharing secret keys between distant users, using photons as information…