相关论文: Note on the One and Two-Sided Z Tests

Statistics is one of the most valuable of disciplines. Science is based on proof and it alone produces results, other approaches are not, and do not. Statistics is the only acceptable language of proof in science. Yet statistics is…

We introduce a new statistical quantity the energy to test whether two samples originate from the same distributions. The energy is a simple logarithmic function of the distances of the observations in the variate space. The distribution of…

A new method based on the rejection sampling for finding statistical tests is proposed. This method is conceptually intuitive, easy to implement, and applicable for arbitrary dimension. To illustrate its potential applicability, three…

In this paper, we compare the powers of several discrete goodness-of-fit test statistics considered by Steele and Chaseling [10] under the null hypothesis of a 'zig-zag' distribution. The results suggest that the Discrete Kolmogorov-Smirnov…

Choice overload - in which larger choice sets are detrimental to a chooser's well-being - is potentially of great importance in the design of economic policy. Yet the current evidence on its prevalence is inconclusive. We argue that…

This note points out how confidence interval estimates for standard deviation transform into confidence interval estimates for the power of F-tests at fixed alternative means. An application is shown for the test of a two-sided hypothesis…

Equivalence testing compares the hypothesis that an effect $\mu$ is large against the alternative that it is negligible. Here, `large' is classically expressed as being larger than some `equivalence margin' $\Delta$. A longstanding problem…

In cell biology, statistical analysis means testing the hypothesis that there was no effect. This weak form of hypothesis testing neglects effect size, is universally misinterpreted, and is disastrously prone to error when combined with…

Tests for proportional hazards assumption concerning specified covariates or groups of covariates are proposed. The class of alternatives is wide: log-hazard rates under different values of covariates may cross, approach, go away. The data…

We present a multivariate one-sided sensitivity analysis for matched observational studies, appropriate when the researcher has specified that a given causal mechanism should manifest itself in effects on multiple outcome variables in a…

Measurements are generally collected as unilateral or bilateral data in clinical trials or observational studies. For example, in ophthalmologic studies, statistical tests are often based on one or two eyes of an individual. For bilateral…

In this note we prove results of the following types. Let be given distinct complex numbers $z_j$ satisfying the conditions $|z_j| = 1, z_j \not= 1$ for $j=1,..., n$ and for every $z_j$ there exists an $ i$ such that $z_i = \bar{z_j}. $…

A new family of nonparametric statistics, the r-statistics, is introduced. It consists of counting the number of records of the cumulative sum of the sample. The single-sample r-statistic is almost as powerful as Student's t-statistic for…

In this paper we propose several variants to perform the independence test between two random elements based on recurrence rates. We will show how to calculate the test statistic in each one of these cases. From simulations we obtain that…

This paper presents a derivation of the Two-Way Likelihood Ratio (G) Test and Comparison to the Two-Way Chi Squared Test

Hypothesis testing is a statistical inference approach used to determine whether data supports a specific hypothesis. An important type is the two-sample test, which evaluates whether two sets of data points are from identical…

Computer-based testing is an expanding use of technology offering advantages to teachers and students. We studied Calculus II classes for STEM majors using different testing modes. Three sections with 324 students employed: Paper-and-pencil…

Two-sample testing is a fundamental problem in statistics, and many famous two-sample tests are designed to be fully non-parametric. These existing methods perform well with location and scale shifts but are less robust when faced with more…

We consider testing for two-sample means of high dimensional populations by thresholding. Two tests are investigated, which are designed for better power performance when the two population mean vectors differ only in sparsely populated…

We show that one single experiment can test simultaneously and independently both the nonclassicality of states and measurements by the violation or fulfillment of classical bounds on the statistics. Nonideal measurements affected by…