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The first mass-estimate of an exoplanet around a Sun-like star, 51 Peg b and the first radius measurement of an exoplanet, HD209458b pointed to the challenges of understanding the atmosphere, interior, and evolution of exoplanets including…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2021-12-15 Nadine Nettelmann , Diana Valencia

With a series of numerical simulations, we analyze the thermo-hydrodynamical evolution of circumstellar disks containing Jupiter-size protoplanets. In the framework of the two-dimensional approximation, we consider an energy equation that…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2016-06-20 Gennaro D'Angelo , Thomas Henning , Willy Kley

While Jupiter's massive gas envelope consists mainly of hydrogen and helium, the key to understanding Jupiter's formation and evolution lies in the distribution of the remaining (heavy) elements. Before the Juno mission, the lack of…

The composition of rocky planets is strongly driven by the primordial materials in the protoplanetary disk, which can be inferred from the abundances of the host star. Understanding this compositional link is crucial for characterizing…

We present a series of papers dedicated to modelling the accretion and differentiation of rocky planets that form by pebble accretion within the lifetime of the protoplanetary disc. In this first paper, we focus on how the accreted ice…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2023-03-15 Anders Johansen , Thomas Ronnet , Martin Schiller , Zhengbin Deng , Martin Bizzarro

Large dynamic range numerical simulations of atomic cooling driven collapse of gas in pre-galactic DM haloes with T_vir ~ 10000 K show that the gas loses 90% and more of its angular momentum before rotational support sets in. In a fraction…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2015-05-13 John A. Regan , Martin G. Haehnelt

The pathway to forming the iron-rich planet Mercury remains mysterious. Mercury's core makes up 70% of the planetary mass, which implies a significant enrichment of iron relative to silicates, while its mantle is strongly depleted in…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2022-06-08 Anders Johansen , Caroline Dorn

We present a model of the early chemical composition and elemental abundances of planetary atmospheres based on the cumulative gaseous chemical species that are accreted onto planets forming by core accretion from evolving protoplanetary…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2017-02-22 Alex J. Cridland , Ralph E. Pudritz , Matthew Alessi

Water ice is expected to be the dominant volatile component of bodies formed in the outer Solar System. However, recent observations of comets and trans-Neptunian objects suggest that the relative abundances of ices can vary substantially,…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2026-04-29 Joanna Drazkowska

We study the possibility of tidal dissipation in the solid cores of giant planets and its implication for the formation of hot Jupiters through high-eccentricity migration. We present a general framework by which the tidal evolution of…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2013-12-25 Natalia I Storch , Dong Lai

The occurrence rate of cold Jupiters was found to depend on stellar mass. The formation environment in the protoplanetary disks regulates core formation and the subsequent gas accretion. In this study, we simulate giant planet formation via…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2025-08-27 Sho Shibata , Ravit Helled

Recently, gas giant planets in nearly circular orbits with large semimajor axes ($a \sim$ 30--1000AU) have been detected by direct imaging. We have investigated orbital evolution in a formation scenario for such planets, based on core…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-23 A. Kikuchi , A. Higuchi , S. Ida

We know that giant planets played a crucial role in the making of our Solar System. The discovery of giant planets orbiting other stars is a formidable opportunity to learn more about these objects, what is their composition, how various…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-10 Tristan Guillot

MgO is an abundant mineral in the rocky mantle of terrestrial planets, but its melting behaviors remain enigmatic. Here we introduce a simple theoretical model to investigate the B1-liquid transition of MgO up to 370 GPa. Vibrational free…

材料科学 · 物理学 2021-04-07 Tran Dinh Cuong , Anh D. Phan

We study the effects of HD molecules on thermochemical evolution of the primordial gas behind shock waves, possibly arised in the process of galaxy formation. We find the critical shock velocity when deuterium transforms efficiently into HD…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-11 E. O. Vasiliev , Yu. A. Shchekinov

The H2O abundance of a planetary atmosphere is a powerful indicator of formation conditions. Inferring H2O in the solar system giant planets is challenging, due to condensation depleting the upper atmosphere of water vapour. Substantially…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2018-05-08 Ryan J. MacDonald , Mark S. Marley , Jonathan J. Fortney , Nikole K. Lewis

`Hot jupiters,' giant planets with orbits very close to their parent stars, are thought to form farther away and migrate inward via interactions with a massive gas disk. If a giant planet forms and migrates quickly, the planetesimal…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2014-10-13 Sean N. Raymond , Thomas Quinn , Jonathan I. Lunine

Gas-giant exoplanets are test cases for theories of planet formation as their atmospheres are proposed to carry signatures of their formation within the protoplanetary disk. The metallicity and C/O are key diagnostics, allowing to…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2025-08-14 Catherine Walsh

Hydrogen in rocky planet atmospheres has been invoked in arguments for extending the habitable zone via N2-H2 and CO2-H2 greenhouse warming, and providing atmospheric conditions suitable for efficient production of prebiotic molecules. On…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2020-09-03 Philippa Liggins , Oliver Shorttle , Paul B. Rimmer